Optic neuritis is an inflammatory optic neuropathy that affects many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) at some point during their disease course. Differentiation of acute episodes of MS-associated optic neuritis from other autoimmune and inflammatory optic neuropathies is vital for treatment choice and further patient management, but is not always straightforward. Over the past decade, a number of new imaging, laboratory and electrophysiological techniques have entered the clinical arena. To date, however, no consensus guidelines have been devised to specify how and when these techniques can be most rationally applied for the diagnostic work-up of patients with acute optic neuritis ...

Background: Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) permits quantification of retinal layer atrophy relevant to assessment of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Measurement artefacts may limit the use of OCT to MS research. Objective: An expert task force convened with the aim to provide guidance on the use of validated quality control (QC) criteria for the use of OCT in MS research and clinical trials. Methods: A prospective multi-centre ( n = 13) study. Peripapillary ring scan QC rating of an OCT training set ( n = 50) was followed by a test set ( n = 50). Inter-rater agreement was calculated using kappa statistics. Results were ...

Purpose To determine normative values and associations of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and optic disc parameters in normal eyes measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods In a population-based setting, 1521 young adults were examined as part of the Sydney Adolescent Vascular and Eye Study (SAVES). Their mean age was 17.3±0.6 years. RNFL and optic disc parameter measurements were made using Cirrus HD-OCT 4000. Results The average RNFL was found to be 99.4±9.6   μ m. RNFL thickness was least for the temporal quadrant (69.9±11.2   μ m), followed by the nasal ...

An 83-year-old man was referred for left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenting (Fig. 1A). After predilation, a 3.5 × 16-mm Promus™ drug-eluting stent (Boston Scientific Corporation; Natick, Mass) was deployed across the distal LMCA at a pressure of 16 atm (estimated diameter, 3.8 mm) (Fig. 1B). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed after stent deployment (Fig. 1C). This measured the mean vessel diameter at 3.8 mm (area, 11.8 mm2) but, importantly, showed clear proximal malapposition of stent struts in the distal LMCA of up to 290 pm (Fig. 1C). Further balloon inflation of a 4 × 9-mm NC ...