Background: Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory demyelinating lesion in the optic nerve, which is strongly associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive technique for the evaluation of the retinal layers. Our aim was to examine OCT metrics including retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and total macular volume (TMV), in MS subtypes and their relationship with duration, first manifestation, and severity of disease. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with a definite diagnosis of MS underwent complete ophthalmic and neurologic examination. OCT parameters including TMV and RNFLT were compared between MS subtypes ...

Purpose: To compare papillary and macular vessel density (VD), as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and exfoliation glaucoma (XFG). Methods: The papillary and macular VD of 40 eyes with POAG, 19 with NTG and 21 with XFG were examined using OCTA (AngioVue™). The VD was measured at two different layers of segmentation (optic nerve head: radial peripapillary capillary [RPC] and nerve head [NH]; macula: superficial [SL] and deep [DL] retinal vascular plexus) with a 4.5×4.5mm papillary and 6×6-mm macular scan. VD was calculated by ...

Background: To determine the influence of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) changes on visual outcome and persistence of subretinal fluid (SRF) in patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Materials and methods: In a retrospective study done in 48 eyes of 45 patients diagnosed as CSCR, all eyes were subjected to fundus photography, spectral domain OCT, and fluorescein angiography (FA) in selected cases. Results: Retinal pigment epithelium detachment was present in 22.91% of the cases at presentation. The logMar best corrected visual acuity improved from 0.46±0.29 at presentation to 0.18±0.22 at 3 ...

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of combined limited surgical resection, amniotic membrane graft and topical mitomycin C in treatment of diffuse conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) diagnosed and followed up by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Subjects and methods: A prospective study was performed on 24 eyes with diffuse CSCC. Fifteen eyes underwent lesion limited resection followed by postoperative topical mitomycin C 0.04% eye drop (MMC group) while nine eyes underwent complete excision and cryotherapy (no MMC group). Amniotic membrane graft was applied in all cases. The diagnosis was based on clinical and AS-OCT specific criteria of CSCC ...

Purpose: To evaluate macular vasculature in diabetic retinopathy (DR) with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to correlate vessel density (VD) with retinal sensitivity (RS) as a way to assess structural and functional findings in DR. Design: Prospective observational cross-sectional study. Methods: Diabetic patients with DR but no clinically significant diabetic macular edema (DME) and healthy subjects were included in this study. All of them underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCTA with RS-3000 Advance AngioScan (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan) and microperimetry with MP-3 (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan). Retinal vascular density measured by OCT angiography in 9 areas was ...

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) for three-dimensional assessment of corneoscleral thinning progression in ulcers after pterygium removal. Methods: A patient with corneoscleral melting after pterygium removal surgery and mitomycin C treatment was evaluated using AS-OCT imaging of the corneoscleral ulcer at five consecutive time points, up to 2 years. AS-OCT scans of 8.3×5.6 mm (15°×10°) containing 41 B-scans spaced 139 μm apart were performed monthly for 4 months and then at 2 years following pterygium removal. A single B-scan was comprised of 768 A-scans. Ten B-scans of the same ...

Purpose: To present six patients with keratoconus-like topographic changes due to inferior inhomogenous epithelial thickening, demonstrated by AS-OCT epithelium map. Patients and methods: We present twelve eyes of six patients evaluated in the refractive surgery consultation with Pentacam ® HR Scheimpflug rotating camera system, presenting topographical irregularities suggestive of keratoconus. Slit-lamp examination, best-corrected visual acuity, Scheimpflug tomography and anterior segment optical coherence tomography epithelium map (Optovue ® ) were conducted and analyzed. Results: The mean age was 42 years and the female:male ratio was 2:1. Mean Kmax was 45±2 D. The mean corneal thickness at apex was 560±33 μm ...

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has emerged as a novel tool for the non-invasive imaging and evaluation of the retinal microvasculature. There is little existing literature that compares OCT-A microvasculature metrics across different OCT-A devices in chorioretinal diseases. Herein, we examined these metrics on three available OCT-A platforms. Patients and methods: All subjects were scanned on each of three OCT-A devices: Optovue Avanti Angiovue, Topcon DRI-OCT Triton Swept-Source OCT, and Zeiss Cirrus 5000-HD-OCT Angioplex. Two investigators independently measured foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area. Superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel densities (VD) were calculated from binarized ...

Objective: To describe the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in terms of macular hole closure and ellipsoid zone (EZ) recovery following modified internal limiting membrane (ILM) surgical technique in traumatic macular holes (TMH). Methods: The study was a retrospective case series that recruited 16 consecutive patients with TMH. Following vitrectomy (PPV), we performed modified ILM surgical technique (IFT) in which ILM peel was stopped at the edges of the hole forming a floating ILM flap. Primary outcome measures were pattern of TMH closure and recovery of EZ. Student’s T -test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for statistical ...

Purpose: To evaluate parafoveal and peripapillary perfusion in healthy, glaucoma suspect, normal-tension glaucoma, and primary open-angle glaucoma subjects. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with optical coherence tomography angiography imaging with RTVue XR Avanti (Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA) of 56 eyes (14 healthy, 14 glaucoma suspect, 16 normal-tension glaucoma, and 12 primary open-angle glaucoma) at a tertiary academic referral center. Parafoveal and peripapillary superficial vessel density and parafoveal superficial retinal thickness were the main parameters of interest. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated. Results: There were significant decreases in parafoveal superficial vessel density in primary ...

Purpose: By using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), to evaluate diurnal changes of the following parameters: vessel density in the peripapillary area (PP-VD) and in the optic nerve head (ONH-VD); thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC). Methods: All prospectively enrolled participants were imaged on the same day at 8 am and 7 pm by means of the XR Avanti device with AngioVue and AngioAnalytics software (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA). Only eyes with correct automatic segmentation and good-quality images (scan quality > 7/10) were included. Results: Forty-six eyes from 28 patients with glaucoma, 53 ...

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measurements of the peripapillary retina and optic nerve head (ONH) in normal eyes and eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Patients and methods: One eye from each of 46 normal subjects and mild and moderate/advanced POAG patients were included. ONH blood flow acquired by LSFG, circumpapillary vessel density (cpVD, a 250 μm-wide elliptical annulus around the optic disc), and intra-papillary vessel density (ipVD, a 1.5×1.5 mm scan field) acquired by OCTA were measured. Their values were compared among normal controls ...

Purpose: To compare choriocapillaris flow voids (FV) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with age-matched normal controls using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Patients and methods: Eleven eyes of 11 subjects with neovascular AMD and 11 eyes of 11 age-similar normal subjects were imaged using SS-OCTA with a 6x6mm scanning pattern. Choriocapillaris FV, defined as a percentage of regions determined to have flow deficits divided by the total scanned region, was measured using a one standard deviation thresholding algorithm developed from a database of age-similar normal subjects. Results: Choriocapillaris FV was more extensive in patients with choroidal ...

Purpose: To report the findings of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in two patients with peripheral hypertrophic subepithelial corneal degeneration (PHSD). Methods: Case series by retrospective chart review and imaging analysis of AS-OCT and IVCM. Results: Slit lamp examination of the two patients revealed a bilateral subepithelial-elevated fibrous tissue of the superior-nasal quadrant, as well as inferior-nasal in one of the patients. Best corrected visual acuity ranged from 20/25 to 20/15. AS-OCT showed continuous, homogenous, well-demarked hyperreflective subepithelial band associated with hyperreflectivity in the anterior stroma. IVCM demonstrated normal epithelial cell ...

Objective: We present a novel method for screening eye bank donor corneas using high definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT). This technology allows for the quantification of endothelial/Descemet membrane (En/DM) complex thickness ex vivo. Design: Prospective interventional study. Participants: Fifty-two corneal grafts from 27 donors were included in this study. Twenty additional control eyes and 11 eyes with Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy were also evaluated for comparison. Methods: A custom built, high speed HD-OCT device (Envisu R2210, Bioptigen, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) was used to obtain images, and custom-made graph-based segmentation software was used to automatically deconstruct corneal images ...

purpose: The study aims to describe the patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME) and their association with visual acuity using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients and methods: This is a retrospective observational study with chart review of patients with DME including both type 1 and 2 diabetics seen between January 2015 and January 2016. Main Outcome Measures: Type of diabetes, diabetes duration, best-corrected visual acuity, DME pattern, central macular thickness (CMT), and stage of diabetic retinopathy. DME was classified based on OCT scans into: sponge-like diffuse retinal thickness (SLDRT), cystoids macular edema (CME), and sub-retinal fluid (SRF). Results: 227 eyes ...

Purpose: To study the relationship between complete blood count (CBC) indices over time, particularly serum hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and severity of macular thinning on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective analysis of 141 consecutive SCD patients over a 10-year period, of which 40 patients (79 eyes) had SD-OCT imaging of the macula and 29 (58 eyes, mean age 17.5 years) were eligible for the study. Investigators reviewed electronic medical records for documentation of retinopathy stage, disease genotype, CBC values, and SD-OCT imaging. SD-OCT parameters and CBC ...

Background: Thinning of the fibrous cap of atherosclerotic plaque is a major component of plaque vulnerability. The high resolution of optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides an accurate measurement of fibrous-cap thickness. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with inflammation and enhanced local expression of matrix metalloproteinases. We investigated the association between endothelial dysfunction and OCT-derived thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Methods: Seventy-four patients with ACS, who underwent both OCT examinations of the culprit lesion before percutaneous coronary intervention and peripheral endothelial function assessment as assessed by logarithmic value of reactive hyperemia index (Ln_RHI), were enrolled. Age-, sex- ...

Purpose: To assess the stability and reliability of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) incisions design and dimensions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging. Setting: Renato Ambrósio Ophthalmologic Study Center from Hospital Oftalmológico de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. Design: Prospective nonrandomized controlled case series. Methods: Eyes undergoing FLACS with triplanar main temporal clear corneal incision (CCI) were evaluated at the end of the case. Eyes that required any incision hydration, surgical complications or lacked follow-up were excluded. The AS-OCT was performed after femtosecond delivery; at the end of the case; at 1 day and at 30 ...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of age, gender, axial length and retinal thickness on the vascular density in a normal population using the Optovue optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods: A total of 209 eyes of 209 healthy subjects were scanned using the OCT-A on an outpatient basis. Patients were 20–75 years of age. The built-in software covered a 3×3 mm circle centered at the macula. The circle was divided into five sectors: a 1 mm central foveal circle and an upper, lower, nasal and temporal sector each spanning 1–3 mm ...

Purpose: To study correlations of crystalline lens anatomy and position parameters obtained using intraoperative spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) in cataract patients. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated biometry data from 600 eyes of 399 cataract patients (mean age: 69±8.4 years) using intraoperative anterior segment SD-OCT during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Lens anatomy and position parameters (anterior chamber depth [ACD] – center of the anterior cornea to the anterior lens capsule, lens thickness [LT] – distance between anterior and posterior lens capsules, and lens meridian position [LMP] – distance from center of the anterior cornea to intersection of the anterior and ...

Purpose: To characterize and compare choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to white dot syndromes (WDS) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which we imaged patients with CNV secondary to WDS and AMD with either the Zeiss Angioplex OCT-A or Optovue AngioVue OCT-A. Relevant demographic and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed. CNV area and vessel density (VD) were measured by three independent graders, and linear regression analysis was subsequently performed. Results: Three patients with multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis, one patient each with birdshot chorioretinopathy, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, and ...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an objective algorithm to discriminate the earliest stages of glaucoma using frequency doubling technology (FDT) Matrix perimetry and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology to improve primary care detection. Materials and methods: Three hundred six eyes (mean age 58.67±15.12) from 161 patients were included and classified in the following three groups: 101 nonglaucoma (GI-NG), 100 glaucoma suspect (GII-SG), and 105 open-angle glaucoma (GIII-OAG). All participants underwent a visual field exploration using the Humphrey Matrix visual field instrument and retinal nerve fiber layer evaluation using the Topcon 3D OCT-2000 ...

Purpose: To compare the relationships between circumpapillary microperimetry (MP)-sensitivity measurements and various circumpapillary retinal thickness parameters in healthy and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes. Methods: In 14 eyes of 14 healthy subjects and 22 early–moderate POAG eyes of 22 patients, circumpapillary optical coherence tomography thickness measurements (RS-3000 Advance OCT, NIDEK) of the retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL), total retina (cpTR), and ganglion cell complex (cpGCC) and outer retina (cpOR) and circumpapillary MP-sensitivity measurements (MP-3 microperimeter, NIDEK) were made in 12 sectors of identical circumpapillary circles. The structure-function relationship was investigated in each sector. Results: Statistically significant correlations with ...