Purpose: To assess global, zonal, and local correlations between vessel density changes measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and retinal sensitivity measured by microperimetry across diabetic retinopathy severity. Methods: Diabetic patients and non-diabetic controls underwent OCTA imaging and microperimetry testing. Pearson's correlation was used to assess associations between average sensitivity and skeletonized vessel density (SVD) or FAZ area centrally. Linear mixed effects modeling was used to assess relationships between local SVD measurements and their spatially corresponding retinal sensitivity measurements. Results: Thirty-nine eyes from 39 participants were imaged. In all slabs, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between ...

Purpose of review Dementia is a term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving, and other thinking abilities, which significantly interferes with daily life. Certain dementing conditions may also affect visual function. The eye is an accessible window to the brain that can provide valuable information for the early diagnosis of people who suffer from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease , dementia with Lewy bodies as well as from more rare causes of dementias, such as Creutzfeldt–Jacob and Huntington's diseases. Herein, we present the ocular manifestations of neurocognitive disorders focusing on the neuro-ophthalmic ones and further discuss potential ocular ...

Purpose: To compare agreement of anterior segment parameter measurements using an intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) of a femtosecond laser (LenSx) during interface docking to the eye to preoperative Scheimpflug-tomography (Pentacam AXL) and swept-source optical coherence tomography (IOL Master 700). Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. Design: Retrospective study. Methods: Ninty-five eyes of 66 patients who had planned OCT-guided femtosecond laser-assisted lens surgery were included. Anterior segment measurements were performed in mydriasis prior to surgery using Scheimpflug-tomography and swept-source optical coherence tomography. After surgery iOCT images were analysed using a modification of the FIJI image processing program. Outcome ...

Purpose: Evaluation of intra-operative aphakic axial eye length (AL) measurements using swept source optical coherence tomography. Setting: Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria. Design: Prospective single-center study. Methods: Patients scheduled for cataract surgery were measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography (ss-OCT, IOLMaster 700, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) to assess the axial eye length. Intra-operatively, swept source optical coherence tomography (ss-OCT) measurements were performed with a prototype device (IOLMaster 700 connected to an OPMI Lumera 700 microscope, CZM) at the beginning of cataract surgery furthermore of the aphakic eye and 2 months after surgery. Results: Of the 59 eyes of 59 ...

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation on the IOL power calculation, and subsequently to evaluate the effectiveness of concomitant use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) against biometric changes. Setting: Masayuki Ouchi Eye Clinic, Kyoto, Japan. Design: Prospective consecutive case series. Methods: One hundred patients (100 eyes) who underwent pIOL implantation were enrolled. In each eye, biometry was performed using partial coherence interferometry (PCI) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Pre- and post-pIOL implantation IOL power calculation using SRK/T (S), Haigis (H), and Barret Universal [Combining Enclosing Square] (B) formulae were compared ...

To investigate the difference in chorioretinal microcirculation between acute central serous chorioretinopathy (aCSC) and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC) using optical coherence tomography angiography.In total, 65 patients previously diagnosed with central serous chorioretinopathy (33 aCSC and 32 cCSC) were included in our cross-sectional study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic assessment including logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity, fundus fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. Sixty eyes of 60 refractive error and age matched healthy people were selected as control.The vessel density of inner retina in patients with aCSC were higher than that in ...

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on macular microcirculation, measured by swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (ss OCTA) in young football players. Methods: Football players between 18-20 years old were included. After a detailed ophthalmological examination, physiological parameters, including height, body weight, body fat, systemic blood pressure, hematocrit values, oxygen saturation, and heart rate, were recorded. Intraocular pressure and ss OCTA parameters were measured one day before and the day after the high intensity interval training program using DRI OCT Triton (Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) between 11:00 am and 1 ...

Purpose: The study of papilledema with a novel noninvasive technique such as spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides minute and detailed cross-sectional changes thus giving an insight into the application of biomechanical principles and pathophysiology of disc edema. Methods: We measured average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane (RPE/BM) angle at the temporal and nasal borders of the neural canal opening (NCO) in 30 eyes with papilledema, 30 eyes with papillitis, and 80 control eyes. The inward angulation was considered as positive and the outward as negative. Follow-up was done at ...

Purpose: To study the corneal epithelial thickness with 9-mm scans of optical coherence tomography in normal Indians with appropriate representation of all age groups. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. 263 patients were divided into the age groups 5-20 years, 21-35 years, 36-50 years and more than 51 years were recruited for the study. All patients underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination. Patients found to have any ocular surface or intraocular disease condition (except cataract and refractive error), or who had undergone any ophthalmic surgery in the past, or had corneal topography changes suggestive of corneal ectasias (screened in patients ...

Purpose: We aimed to develop and test a deep-learning (DL) system to perform image quality and diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) assessment on OCTA images. Methods: This study included 7,194 OCTA images with diabetes mellitus for training and primary validation, and 960 images from three independent datasets for external testing. A trinary classification for image quality assessment and presence or absence of DMI for DMI assessment were labelled on all OCTA images. Two DenseNet-161 models were built for both tasks for OCTA images of superficial and deep capillary plexus, respectively. External testing was performed on three unseen datasets in which ...

Purpose: To evaluate refractive error after cataract surgery using an optical biometer equipped with anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Setting: Chukyo Eye Clinic, Nagoya, Japan. Design: Retrospective observational design. Methods: In total, 150 patients with cataract (150 eyes, mean age 73.4 ± 8.2 years, men 76, women 74), who underwent measurement of parameters with the anterior-segment OCT scanners ANTERIONTM (AS-OCTB) and IOL Master 700 (OCTB) before cataract surgery, were enrolled in the study. Refractive prediction error was compared between the two devices using the SRK/T, Haigis, and Barrett UII formulas for IOL power calculation. Results: There were significant ...

Purpose: To assess agreement of measurements by two swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometers and to evaluate the prediction error (PE) in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation with seven formulas. Setting: Tertiary public eye hospital. Design: Consecutive observational. Methods: Axial length (AL), keratometry (K), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and corneal diameter (CD) were measured with IOL Master 700 (Biometer A) and Anterion (Biometer B). Agreement was quantified by the limits of agreement (LoAs) and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The PE, the median absolute error (MedAE), and the mean absolute error (MAE) of the Barrett Universal II ...

Purpose: To evaluate whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) can determine polypoidal lesion (PL) perfusion in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) eyes following 12-months of aflibercept monotherapy. PL perfusion status, assessed by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), is an important anatomical outcome in PCV management. Methods: Post-hoc data from a prospective randomised, open-label, study in eyes with PCV undergoing monotherapy with aflibercept evaluated PL perfusion status based on ICGA (gold standard) and OCT features from baseline to 12-months. Results: Individual PLs(110 in total) from 48 eyes(48 patients) showed at 12-months, 57/110 PLs(51.8%) were closed on ICGA. At 12-months ...

Objectives: We investigated clinical determinants of disease burden and vulnerability using optical coherence tomography (OCT) co-registered with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in a large cohort of patients. Methods: A total of 704 patients [44.5% with acute coronary syndromes (ACS)] underwent coronary intervention. IVUS plaque burden and OCT lipid, macrophage and calcium indices and the presence of thrombus, plaque rupture and thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) were analyzed. Results: Median patient age was 66 years with 81.8% men, 34.4% with diabetes mellitus and 15.5% with preadmission statins. Median lesion length was 25.7 mm, and 33.0% had a TCFA ...

Precis: Sub-Tenon’s implantation of the Xen ® Gel stent resulted in significant intraocular pressure lowering along with a low rate of postoperative bleb needling, and a favorable bleb morphology on anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Purpose: To assess clinical outcomes and bleb morphology following sub-Tenon’s implantation of the Xen ® Gel Stent (Allergan Inc., Dublin, Ireland). Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent sub-Tenon’s Xen ® Gel Stent implantation with intraoperative mitomycin-C via an open conjunctival approach were reviewed. Postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of glaucoma medications at 1,3,6,9 and 12 months were assessed. Bleb ...

Intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) was so far only available as microscope-integrated or hand-held device. Recently, this technology has been integrated into a femtosecond laser (FS). This pilot-study analyzes the potential of intraoperative imaging using OCT during FS-assisted procedures of the anterior eye segment. Therefore, intraoperatively acquired videos using FS-integrated intraoperative OCT (LI-OCT) in 14 patients (Victus, Bausch and Lomb, Rochester, USA) where analyzed in different surgical. The results show, that all surgical steps could be successfully visualized by LI-OCT. LI-OCT added important information regarding the depth and location of the incisions and dissection planes. Moreover, dynamic processes could be ...

Deep learning (DL) is a subset of artificial intelligence based on deep neural networks. It has made remarkable breakthroughs in medical imaging, particularly for image classification and pattern recognition. In ophthalmology, there are rising interests in applying DL methods to analyze optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images. Studies showed that OCT and OCTA image evaluation by DL algorithms achieved good performance for disease detection, prognosis prediction, and image quality control, suggesting that the incorporation of DL technology could potentially enhance the accuracy of disease evaluation and the efficiency of clinical workflow. However, substantial issues, such ...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) for real-time quantitative analysis of surgical planes in big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK). Methods: In this interventional case series, intraoperative OCT-guided big-bubble DALK was performed in 16 consecutive eyes of 16 patients with keratoconus. Trephination depth was measured using the intraoperative OCT caliper tool. Aiming for a depth within 150 μm from the endothelial surface, the trephination groove was extended to a deeper plane using a 15-degree blade. Repeat OCT scans were taken to measure residual stromal thickness before insertion of ...

Background: Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is a monogenic small vessel disease caused by mutations in TREX1 . Several organs, including retina and brain, are affected. Analyzing retinal anatomy is increasingly used as a biomarker for ophthalmological and neurological disorders (due to the shared embryological origin of retina and brain). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a noninvasive cross-sectional visualization of optic disc and macula. We aimed to use OCT to investigate retinal layer thickness in RVCL-S. Methods: Cross-sectional, 17 TREX1 mutation carriers (34 eyes) and 9 controls (18 eyes) underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic assessment followed by spectral domain ...

Purpose: Wide-field (WF) swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) was used to image diabetic tractional retinal detachments (TRDs) before and after pars plana vitrectomy. The clinical utility of SS-OCTA was assessed. Methods: Patients with diabetic TRDs were imaged prospectively with SS-OCTA. Ultrawide-field imaging was obtained when possible. Postoperative WF SS-OCTA imaging was performed. Results: From January 2018 through December 2019, 31 eyes of 21 patients with diabetic TRDs were imaged. Wide-field SS-OCTA en-face images captured all areas of TRD and fibrovascular proliferation within the posterior pole that were visualized on ultrawide-field imaging. Optical coherence tomography angiography B-scans revealed the ...

Purpose: To study the morphology of the posterior lens cortex and posterior capsules (PCs) in pediatric patients with posterior lens opacities using intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT). Setting: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Design: A prospective observational study. Methods: Pediatric patients with posterior lens opacities were imaged using iOCT during cataract surgery. The morphology of the posterior lens cortex and PC, along with the common patterns to indicate PC integrity, were assessed. Moreover, posterior capsule rent during surgery was observed. Results: A total of 62 eyes from 53 patients were included. The mean age of patients was ...

Purpose: To assess the repeatability and accuracy of corneal astigmatism measurement with a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (Avanti, Optovue) and compare them with Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus) and swept-source optical biometry (IOLMaster 700, Carl Zeiss Mediatec AG). Setting: Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. Design: Prospective cross-sectional observational study. Methods: Sixty pseudophakic eyes with monofocal non-toric intraocular lens that previously had refractive surgery were analyzed. To assess accuracy, simulated keratometric (SimK) and net corneal astigmatism, obtained from each device were compared with subjective manifest refraction astigmatism. Repeatability for corneal astigmatism was assessed for ...

Purpose: Structural differences have been described in the retina of prematurely born children, including increased macular thickness caused by failed migration of the inner retina during development and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning related to low birth weight. The present study aimed to evaluate the differences in macular and RNFL optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings between full-term and preterm children without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: Thirty-four premature (study group) and 43 full-term patients (control group)—aged 3 to 8 years—were studied. All children underwent a complete ophthalmological exam and OCT of the macula and optic nerve in ...

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common cancer in the pericolular region...