Objective: After tympanoplasty , it is often challenging to differentiate between different causes of a remaining air bone gap (ABG). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a new approach for combined morphologic and functional measurements of the tympanic membrane and adjacent parts of the middle ear. Thus, it provides valuable diagnostic information in patients with a reduced sound transfer after middle ear surgery. Patient and intervention: A patient with history of tympanoplasty and a persistent ABG was investigated with endoscopic OCT before revision surgery. Main Outcome Measures: The oscillation behavior and the thickness of the reconstructed tympanic membrane was determined. The oscillation ...

Aims To investigate in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) the prevalence and the features of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-detected macrophages accumulation in culprit plaques as compared with nonculprit plaques (NCP). Methods The study is a post-hoc analysis of a prospective study aimed at evaluating the relationship between aortic inflammation as assessed by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET and features of coronary plaque vulnerability as assessed by OCT. We enrolled 32 patients with first NSTE-ACS who successfully underwent three-vessel OCT. Results The median age was 65 (54–72) years and 27 patients (84%) were men. Culprit plaques were clinically defined ...

Purpose: To evaluate morphological characteristics and intraoperative dynamics of posterior polar cataract (PPC) using intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) Setting: Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India Design: Prospective interventional study Methods: Forty eyes with PPC undergoing phacoemulsification were evaluated. Primary outcome measure was morphology of PPC and intraoperative dynamics of posterior capsule. Secondary outcome measure was PC rent, which was retrospectively compared with 72 PPC cases that underwent non-iOCT guided surgery. Results: Three morphological variants of PPC were observed- Type I (47.5%, 19/40) characterized by intact PC and clearance ...

Purpose: To systematically observe and analyze the signs of deficient posterior capsule in posterior polar cataracts. Design: Ambispective observational study. Participants: Cases with posterior polar cataracts. Methods: Eyes with diagnosed posterior polar cataracts were imaged on anterior segment optical coherence tomography. A detailed assessment was performed to note the morphology of the posterior opacity, posterior capsule, and the common patterns to indicate their abnormality. In addition, generalized observation of the morphology was also performed with respect to intraoperative surgical experiences. Results: A total of 101 eyes were included. The average patient age was 52.85 ± 10.72 years. The posterior ...

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and clinical course of recurrent epiretinal membrane (ERM) after ERM surgery and to identify predisposing optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings for the recurrence . Methods: Postoperative ERM recurrence , defined as reappearance of the membrane after its removal or regrowth of the remnant membrane, was investigated in 301 eyes with idiopathic ERM followed up for more than 6 months after macular surgery by fundus photographs and spectral-domain OCT. The incidences of recurrent ERM and its associated clinical characteristics were assessed. Preceding OCT findings in the area subsequently showing recurrent ERM were evaluated at early postoperative periods. Results ...

Purpose: To develop a method of averaging optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography to improve visualization of choriocapillaris structure. Methods: A stack of OCT angiographic data from vascular layers were placed into the red-green-blue channels of a conventional digital color image. The superficial plexus was placed in the blue channel, choriocapillaris in the green, and deep vascular plexus in the red channel. The red-green-blue images derived from nine separate OCT angiographic scans were registered using an automatic registration sequence and the images were averaged. The averaged red-green-blue image was then split into the three averaged component layers. The technique is flexible ...

Background: A possible benefit of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the approach to tumors involving the optic chiasm may be the ability to foresee visual deterioration. This study investigated the value of OCT in watchful waiting for compressive optic neuropathy as the primary management of suprasellar masses. Methods: The research was conducted as a 2-year observational study of a patient cohort with conservatively managed mass lesions involving the optic chiasm on MRI. Threshold perimetry and macular OCT were performed at baseline and each follow-up examination. Univariate Cox regression was used to determine the effect of baseline and longitudinal covariates upon ...

Background: Peripapillary and macular microvasculature alterations after nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) have been investigated in several studies. We aimed to explore the vascular changes from acute NAION (aNAION) to chronic NAION (cNAION). Methods: This prospective observational study composed of 16 eyes with aNAION and 40 healthy age-matched controls. Eyes with NAION were followed up for more than 6 months after acute event. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to evaluate peripapillary and macular vessel densities (VDs). The customized software was used for calculating deep retinal VD to attenuate the large superficial vessel projection effect. Result: The mean age ...

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the feasibility of using vascular complexity features for objective differentiation of controls and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary, subspecialty, academic practice. The cohort included 20 control subjects, 60 NPDR patients, and 56 PDR patients. Three vascular complexity features, including the vessel complexity index, fractal dimension, and blood vessel tortuosity, were derived from each optical coherence tomography angiography image. A shifting-window measurement was further implemented to identify local feature distortions due to localized neovascularization and mesh structures in PDR. Results ...

Purpose: Deformations of the retina such as staphylomas in myopia or scleral flattening in high intracranial pressure can be challenging to quantify with en face imaging. We describe an OCT based method for the generation of quantitative posterior eye topography maps in normal and pathologic eyes. Methods: Utilizing “ whole eye ” OCT we corrected for subjects’ optical distortions to generate spatially accurate posterior eye OCT volumes and created local curvature ( K M , mm -1 ) topography maps for each consented subject. We imaged nine subjects, three normal, two with myopic degeneration (MD), and four with papilledema including one that was imaged longitudinally ...

Purpose: To develop a deep learning model to generate post-treatment optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods: Two hundred ninety-eight patients with nAMD were included. The conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) was trained using 15183 augmented paired OCT B-scan images obtained from 723 scans of 241 patients at baseline and 1 month after 3 loading doses of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment. The network was also trained using baseline fluorescein angiography (FA) or indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) images together with baseline OCT images. A test set of 150 images of 50 eyes was ...

Purpose: To analyze the macular function of eyes with macular-foveal capillaries (MFC), a condition characterized by the absence of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), identified by optical coherence tomography angiography . Methods: Eight eyes with MFC at optical coherence tomography angiography and normal visual acuity were consecutively recruited. Eight eyes of healthy subjects were enrolled as healthy controls. All eyes underwent optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography , best-correct visual acuity, low-luminance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity measurement, colour vision tests, and both mesopic and scotopic microperimetry . Results: Best-corrected visual acuity, low-luminance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and colour vision tests did not ...

Precis: Macular superficial capillary plexus and thickness are reduced in eyes with glaucoma and ocular hypertension but do not change significantly during the day. No relationships with age, intraocular-pressure, systemic hypertension, or axial length were found. Purpose: To evaluate diurnal differences in retinal thickness and vessel density (VD) of the macular superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) among three groups of eyes: eyes with glaucoma , eyes with ocular hypertension, and healthy eyes. Methods: A consecutive series of individuals was recruited prospectively. OCTA was performed in the morning and in the evening. Results: Forty ...

Introduction: A closed globe trauma is often associated with orbital wall fractures. In addition to diplopia, further eye disturbances can be observed. The aim of this preliminary prospective study was to investigate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in patients that presented with orbital fractures in association with diplopia but without decreased visual acuity or further ocular symptoms. Methods: Only patients who were admitted and surgically treated for orbital wall fractures and that presented diplopia were included in this study. Patients with post traumatic ocular symptoms were excluded. All the patients that were diagnosed with an orbital fracture underwent an ...

Précis: Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measures may be improved by comparing probability levels and accounting for blood vessel locations. Purpose: To understand the differences between two optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures of glaucomatous damage: the Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width ( BMO-MRW ) and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cRNFL) thickness. Materialsand Methods: OCT circle scans were obtained for an early glaucoma group (EG) of 88 eyes (88 patients) with 24-2 MD better than –6.0dB, and a broader group (BG) of 188 eyes (110 patients) with 24-2 MD from -0 ...

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement of corneal curvature measured by a newly introduced swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA2) and Pentacam (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Methods: Corneal curvature was measured in 49 healthy subjects (age: 24.8 ± 4.36) by using CASIA2 and Pentacam . Repeatability was evaluated for CASIA2, and agreement between the CASIA2 and Pentacam was assessed. The coefficient of repeatability, the relative coefficient of repeatability, the range of the limits of agreement were analyzed, and Bland–Altman plots were performed to assess the interdevice agreement of measurement. Results: For the intradevice reliability of the CASIA2, the mean difference ...

SIGNIFICANCE Cyclodialysis clefts can potentially develop secondary to open globe injury. The swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-AS-OCT) may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the identification and estimation of the circumferential extent of cyclodialysis clefts. It could be considered an alternative when ultrasound biomicroscopy cannot be performed successfully. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to report a case of open-globe injury associated with cyclodialysis cleft and the utility of SS-AS-OCT in its diagnosis. CASE REPORT A 12-year-old boy presented to the clinic because of penetrating ocular trauma to his left eye with a projectile stone. He was ...

Précis: Averaging triplicate en face angiograms of the radial peripapillary capillary plexus with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) improves vessel visualization, reduces vessel density parameters, and increases the diagnostic accuracy for glaucoma of one such parameter. Purpose: To test the hypothesis that triplicate averaging of the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) layer improves visualization and diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for glaucoma . Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 63 primary open angle glaucoma patients and 70 age-matched glaucoma suspects. Triplicate 6×6mm OCTA scans of the optic nerve head were acquired, and the RPC layer was ...

Précis: Overhead mounted spectral-domain optical coherence tomography enables high quality imaging of the optic nerve and macula in childhood glaucoma and is particularly useful when standard tabletop optical coherence tomography has failed or is not possible. Purpose: Tabletop optical coherence tomography, integral to adult glaucoma management, can be limited in childhood glaucoma patients due to young age, poor cooperation, and/or technical challenges. To address these imaging difficulties, we determined the feasibility and quality of an overhead mounted unit in childhood glaucoma . Secondary aims included evaluation of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, parafoveal total retinal thickness, and parafoveal ganglion ...

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Purpose: To assess the visualization of choroidal granulomas with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: Consecutive patients with granulomatous choroiditis due to tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease underwent baseline OCTA images using a 12 × 12-mm field of view, and the choroidal slabs were analyzed by two independent examiners who counted the oval areas of flow void. Simultaneously, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and enhanced-depth imaging OCT were performed to mark visible choroidal changes corresponding to granulomatous lesions. The lesion areas on OCTA and ICGA were assessed using the in-built caliper tool. Results: Three hundred and one round-shaped areas ...

Glaucoma is typically defined as a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by a specific (arcuate) pattern of visual field (VF) and anatomical changes. Therefore, we should be comparing arcuate patterns of damage seen on VFs with those seen on optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) maps. Instead, clinicians often use summary metrics such as VF pattern standard deviation (PSD), OCT retinal nerve fiber (RNF) global thickness, etc. There are two major impediments to topographically comparing patterns of damage on VF and OCT maps. First, until recently, it was not easy to make these comparisons with commercial reports. While recent reports do make it ...

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is considered as a sensitive and non-invasive tool to evaluate the macular lesions. In patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), the existence of diabetic macular edema (DME) can cause significant vision impairment and further intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is needed. However, the increasing number of DM patients makes it a big burden for clinicians to manually determine whether DME exists in the OCT images. The artificial intelligence (AI) now enormously applied to many medical territories may help reduce the burden on clinicians. Methods: We selected DME patients receiving IVI of anti-VEGF ...

Angloid streaks (ASA) refer to linear, irregular, crack-like ruptures of a calcified Bruch Membrane (BM)...