Précis: There are errors in automated segmentation of the retinal nerve fiber layer in glaucoma suspects or patients with mild glaucoma that appear to persist over time; however, automated segmentation has greater repeatability than manual segmentation. Purpose: To identify whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) segmentation errors in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements persist longitudinally. Methods: This was a cohort study. We used spectral domain OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) to measure RNFL thickness in a 6-degree peripapillary circle, and exported the native “automated segmentation only” results. In addition, we exported RNFL thickness results after “manual refinement ...

Purpose: Previous work has suggested that Descemet membrane (DM) folds arise in response to corneal swelling . However, their origin has not been closely explored. In this study, we used optical coherence tomography to evaluate whether DM folds arise secondary to folds in the middle stroma. Methods: Serial optical coherence tomography images of donor cornea pairs in deionized water were taken for each of the following corneal manipulations: 1) untreated, 2) DM and the endothelium removed, 3) excised in the region of the deep middle/posterior stroma, and 4) excised in the middle stroma. Results: For intact corneas, increasing duration in ...

Purpose: To evaluate wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for detection of clinically unsuspected neovascularization (NV) in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: This prospective observational single-center study included adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of nonproliferative DR. Participants underwent a clinical examination, standard 7-field color photography, and OCTA with commercial and prototype swept-source devices. The wide-field OCTA was achieved by montaging five 6 × 10-mm scans from a prototype device into a 25 × 10-mm image and three 6 × 6-mm scans from a commercial device into a 15 × 6-mm image. A masked grader determined the retinopathy severity from color photographs. Two trained readers ...

Purpose: To describe a case of congenital retinal macrovessel complicated by cystoid macular edema associated with contralateral myelinated retinal nerve fibers and retinal vascular abnormalities studied with optical coherence tomography angiography ( OCTA ). Methods: Case report. Results: A healthy 25-year-old woman with decreased vision in her right eye was found to have a congenital retinal venous macrovessel in the macula associated with cystoid edema. In the contralateral amblyopic eye, the examination revealed a tuft of myelinated retinal nerve fibers along the superotemporal vascular arcade associated with superficial vascular abnormalities. A complete multi-imaging examination was obtained, including fundus color photography, fluorescein angiography ...

Hypothesis: Ears with otosclerotic stapes fixation will exhibit lower-than-normal levels of ossicular mobility as measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Doppler Vibrometry (OCT-DV). Background: OCT-DV measures the vibration of middle ear structures in response to sound non-invasively through the intact tympanic membrane. This allows, in particular, direct measurement of the vibration at the lenticular process of the incus which is expected to be lower in patients with otosclerotic stapes fixation. Methods: OCT-DV was performed on ears presumptively diagnosed with otosclerosis (n = 13) and a group of normal control ears (n = 42). Displacement was measured at the umbo and the lenticular process ...

SIGNIFICANCE During the acute stage of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with retinal elevation, the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) estimate of ganglion cell layer complex thickness is reduced. Thickness returns to normal after resolution of the event. Measurement error is at least partially responsible for this effect. The reduction in ganglion cell layer complex thickness does not represent atrophy and is not predictive of a poor outcome. PURPOSE We investigated the effects of serous retinal detachment on the ganglion cell layer complex analysis (GCA) by SD-OCT in CSC patients during the acute episodes and after resolution of fluid. METHODS ...

Précis: Peripapillary vessel density assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography has poor global and regional correlations with lamina cribrosa depth , except for the inferotemporal area. Purpose: To investigate the global and regional relationship between the peripapillary vessel density (pVD) assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) assessed by enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: A total of 38 eyes of 38 healthy subjects and 38 eyes of 38 glaucoma patients were included. Peripapillary microvasculature and lamina cribrosa were imaged by OCT-A and enhanced depth imaging SD-OCT, respectively. The pVD and LCD ...

Purpose: To compare indocyanine green angiography and four different optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices and to test their reproducibility in the evaluation of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods: This study was an observational case series of Type 1 and Type 2 CNV presenting at the Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, imaged with indocyanine green angiography and four different OCTA devices: prototype PlexElite (Carl Zeiss Meditec), prototype Spectralis OCTA (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), Optovue RTVue XR Avanti (Optovue, Inc, Fremont, CA), and AngioPlex (Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin ...

Purpose: To describe the microstructural features of the macula and vitreomacular interface in persistent fetal vasculature syndrome (PFVS) with posterior involvement managed with early vitrectomy or with observation, with functional correlation. Methods: We retrospectively identified 45 consecutive pediatric patients with PFVS with posterior involvement treated from 2005 to 2016. The eyes that could be imaged with spectral domain optical coherence tomography were included, and images were correlated with best-corrected visual acuity. Results: Thirty-eight imaging sessions were performed on 10 eyes from 9 patients, including 7 that had been managed with vitrectomy for PFVS-related tractional retinal detachment , and 3 that had ...

Purpose: To study and compare visual acuity, foveal thickness, outer limiting layer, ellipsoid zone, and recurrence rate in patients undergoing removal of the epiretinal membrane with and without the removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM). Methods: Sixty-three patients who had the epiretinal membrane removed by a single surgeon were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Group 1 without additional removal of the ILM and Group 2 with removal of the ILM. Patients were followed up and evaluated at the first month, third month, and sixth month, postoperatively. Results: Patients from both groups had a gradual improvement in their vision over ...

Purpose: To assess foveal and parafoveal vasculature at superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus, and choriocapillaris using optical coherence tomography angiography in the fellow eyes of patients with Coats disease . Methods: Observational and prospective case series. Thirteen patients with unilateral Coats and 14 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were consecutively recruited at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital and the Department of Ophthalmology of San Raffaele Hospital. Both groups underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, including optical coherence tomography angiography (Topcon Corp) 3 mm × 3 mm scans. Images were imported into ImageJ software and binarized; foveal avascular zone area was manually outlined and ...

Objectives: To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the Carl Zeiss Meditec IOLMaster 700, which uses swept-source optical coherence tomography technology, along with its agreement with the IOLMaster 500 and Lenstar LS 900. Methods: In a clinical practice, complete measurements were taken on one eye of 100 subjects: 51 with cataracts and 49 with clear lenses. Three sets of measurements were taken by 3 operators with three different IOLMaster 700 units, and one operator took 3 measurements with the IOLMaster 500 and the Lenstar. A random-effects model of analysis of variance was used to estimate the repeatability and reproducibility . The ...

Purpose: To compare optical coherence tomography angiography ( OCTA ) review strategies for optimizing choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) detection . Methods: Eyes with CNV in the differential diagnosis were imaged with the Avanti RTVue XR HD (Optovue, Fremont, CA). Three modalities of review for CNV presence were used in each case: a single report generated using automated segmentation within Avanti software; a continuous slab descent video OCTA export; and a manual segmentation approach using cross-sectional OCT with decorrelation signal overlay. Scans were reviewed by two masked expert reviewers; a third reviewer was used for discrepancies. Results: The study included 421 eyes, and 350 eyes ...

Purpose: To analyze optical coherence tomography angiography images in ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) before and after carotid artery stenting . Methods: We report the case of an 80-year-old man with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus who developed OIS in the right eye due to right internal carotid artery stenosis 2 years earlier. After visual acuity declined in the left eye 2 years later, a neurosurgeon discovered left internal carotid artery stenosis , which led to the diagnosis of OIS in the left eye as well. After carotid artery stenting , improvements were observed in both visual acuity and blood flow as ...

Objective: This systematic review was designed to evaluate the overall efficacy of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided implantation versus angiography -guided for percutaneous coronary intervention . Methods: The following electronic databases, such as CENTRAL, PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE were searched for systematic reviews to investigate OCT-guided and angiography -guided implantation. We measured the following 7 parameters in each patient: stent thrombosis, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization (TVR), all-cause death. Results: In all, 11 studies (6 RCTs and 5 observational studies) involving 4026 subjects were included, with 1903 receiving intravascular ultrasound-guided ...

Purpose: To investigate clinical features and treatment outcomes of pingueculitis with morphological assessments using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we examined 22 eyes of 22 patients with pingueculitis . All patients were treated with the same 2-week course of prednisolone acetate 1% drops four times per day. The clinical parameters evaluated were surface dimensions determined by slitlamp biomicroscopy, cross-sectional dimensions determined by AS-OCT, and symptom scores determined by patient surveys. Pretreatment and 1-month posttreatment values were compared with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Patients were followed up to 1 year after treatment. Results: Twenty-two eyes from ...

Purpose: To identify the cross-sectional morphological changes in successful filtering blebs after phacoemulsification using swept-source three-dimensional anterior segment optical coherence tomography (3D AS-OCT). Materials and Methods: Thirty phakic eyes of 29 patients with successful filtering blebs after primary trabeculectomy were included in this retrospective cohort study. Success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP)≤15▒mmHg and a>20% reduction in IOP without glaucoma medication or additional glaucoma surgery after trabeculectomy . The subjects were classified into two groups according to whether they had undergone phacoemulsification or not after trabeculectomy : a phaco group and a control group. Filtering blebs were examined using ...

Purpose: To study the longitudinal correlation between the clinical morphological appearance of filtering blebs with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in the early postoperative period. Methods: Thirty eyes of 30 glaucoma patients scheduled for first-time trabeculectomy with mitomycin C 0.02% were consecutively enrolled. The filtering blebs were evaluated clinically according to a grading system and with AS-OCT at day 1 and weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 and 12 following surgery. Bleb wall thickness (BWT) and bleb cavity height (BCH) were analyzed by means of horizontal and vertical AS-OCT-scans. Results: Nineteen eyes (63%) had functioning blebs without any further ...

Purpose: To document by optical coherence tomography angiography the presence of a choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) secondary to unilateral retinal pigment epithelium dysgenesis and describe its changes after treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab . Methods: Case report. Results: A 51-year-old woman referred to our ocular oncology service for a possible choroidal osteoma in her left eye was found to have a unilateral retinal pigment epithelium dysgenesis complicated by CNV . Best-corrected visual acuity at baseline was 20/200. A complete ophthalmological evaluation including color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence , fluorescein angiography , indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography was performed. The ...

Aims Stent implantation in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients can be challenging and sometimes associated with immediate and long-term suboptimal results. Stent malapposition and strut uncoverage, predictors of stent thrombosis, are frequently detected in STEMI patients at medium/long-term follow-up. Nevertheless, data at a short follow-up are missing. We aimed to assess the extent of stent malapposition and struts coverage in the subacute phase of STEMI after stent implantation in primary or rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods STEMI patients undergone primary or rescue PCI and scheduled for a second coronary angiography after 2–7 days were enrolled. During ...

Purpose: To test optical coherence tomography leakage in the identification and quantification of choroidal neovascularization–related fluid, its change after anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration eyes and its relation to functional outcome. Methods: Prospective analysis of a cohort of neovascular age-related macular degeneration cases treated with 2.0-mg intravitreal aflibercept. Eyes included were analyzed before, 1-week, and 1-month after one injection. Best-corrected visual acuity was assessed using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study method. Optical coherence tomography leakage maps depicting low optical reflectivity (LOR) sites were acquired with OCT Cirrus AngioPlex (Zeiss, Dublin, CA). The ...

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal structural changes occurring over time in geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration using choroidal vascularity index (CVI). Methods: Enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans of 34 patients with GA and 32 control subjects were retrospectively analyzed. Data were collected at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 18.3 ± 8.3 months. Choroidal images were binarized using the ImageJ software, and the luminal area and stromal area were segmented. Choroidal vascularity index was defined as the ratio of luminal area to total choroid area. Results: Patients with GA showed significantly lower values of CVI ...

Rationale: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has the advantage to visualize the microvascular structure of the retina in vivo and was utilized clinically in various neovascular retinal diseases. The OCT-A has also been used to examine the lesion in multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP). This study aimed to describe a case of MCP and present the disease process of a punched-out lesion in the chorioretina with neovascular activity using OCT-A. Patients concerns: A 32-year-old female Caucasian patient presented with a 2-week history of progressive blurred vision in her right eye with photophobia and a diminished temporal visual field. On presentation ...

Purpose: To demonstrate the effect of averaging multiple en face optical coherence tomography angiography images on the correlation between retinal microvasculature quantitative metrics and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in eyes with retinal vein occlusion . Methods: A cross-sectional cohort with unilateral retinal vein occlusion was imaged in both eyes. Five 3 mm × 3-mm spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography images were averaged, and quantitative parameters from averaged versus single images were correlated with logMAR BCVA. Regression analyses were performed to correlate quantitative metrics with BCVA. Results: Ten patients (5 male, average age 64.3 years) were included. Among retinal vein occlusion ...