Letter to the editor

Background Ocular manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) can be the presenting symptom of the disease or a sight-threatening complication. Objectives To detect different structural retinal changes in patients with SLE who had no ophthalmological symptoms and investigate the relationship between different retinal changes and the disease activity assessed by the Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus Disease Activity Index score. Study Design A descriptive pilot study from January 2016 to January 2017. Methods Fifty-two eyes of 26 patients diagnosed to have SLE were examined using visual acuity assessment, fundus examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Results Fundus fluorescein ...

Purpose: To describe novel findings of hyperreflective material in the silicone-retina interphase on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging in eyes with silicone oil tamponade. Methods: Retrospective observational clinical study of consecutive patients who underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Repeat clinical examination and spectral domain optical coherence tomography macular imaging performed 3 months after surgery were evaluated to identify any macular pathologies, including formation of epiretinal membranes, intraretinal changes, subretinal fluid, and edema before scheduled secondary vitrectomy for silicone oil removal. Results: Eighty-two patients (mean age 54 years, range 22–89 ...

Purpose: To describe the ocular findings and the long-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with corneal injury due to little fire ants (LFAs). Methods: This is a retrospective case series of patients evaluated with corneal injury due to LFAs from October 2015 to January 2018 at the Cornea Clinic in Meir Medical Center. Patients underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography ( AS-OCT ) imaging during the follow-up. Results: Four patients reported ocular contact with LFAs and presented to our department with unilateral, scattered, small, dense, round, bright white opacities in the anterior corneal stroma, which remained unchanged in appearance over time, despite topical ...

Purpose: To perform a comprehensive clinical, diagnostic, and imaging characterization of the ocular surface in West Highland White Terriers (WHWTs) diagnosed with aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) disease. Methods: Six ADDE-affected and 13 ADDE-unaffected WHWT dogs were enrolled and underwent clinical assessment and disease scoring, tear osmolarity, phenol red thread test, Schirmer tear test, tear film breakup time, fluorescein staining, Rose bengal and lissamine green vital dye staining, meibometry, corneal esthesiometry, ultrasound pachymetry, optical coherence tomography, in vivo confocal microscopy, and conjunctival biopsy. Subjective assessment of their condition was provided by owner-reported surveys. Results: ADDE-affected WHWT dogs had higher median ...

This study aimed to evaluate a novel real-time rotational optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system (OCTIS) with a fiber-optic probe to look at endometrium and to correlate the OCTIS images with standard histology. OCT could obtain real-time images resembling histological examination. With recent development of customized probes, it allows OCT to be used in the field of gynecology . This is a pilot, prospective, ex-vivo and observational study. Women underwent hysterectomy for various gynecological conditions were recruited and OCTIS images were obtained from endometrium of 15 fresh uterus specimens immediately after hysterectomy. The excised uterus was cut open and OCTIS imaging ...

Purpose: Optic disk pits (ODPs) are typically detected incidentally as small, gray, unilateral, oval-shaped excavation in the temporal optic disk on routine fundus examination. In this cross-sectional retrospective case series, we report optical coherence tomography angiography findings in patients with unilateral ODPs and describe changes in vessel perfusion associated with ODP. Methods: A total of eight eyes (four with ODP and four normal contralateral) were included in this study. Patients were excluded if any other optic disk abnormalities were present. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (AngioVue; Optovue, Fremont, CA) imaging was conducted to map the vascularization of three layers in ...

Purpose: To describe optical coherence tomography angiography findings at baseline and during the follow-up of choroidal neovascularization secondary to choroidal rupture (CR) in a patient with kidney transplant treated by a single intravitreal injection of ranibizumab. Methods: The clinical course, conventional multimodal imaging findings including ultra-widefield fundus color photography and fundus autofluorescence (Optos California, Marlborough, MA), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), fluorescein angiography (FA; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), indocyanine green angiography ,and optical coherence tomography angiography (Plex-Elite, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin, CA) findings at baseline and during the follow-up of a patient with choroidal ...

Précis: Although the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) reached the measurement floor, the nasal macular region is important for assessing central visual function in advanced glaucoma . Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the central visual field (VF) and macular parameters obtained from spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with advanced glaucoma that reached the cpRNFL thickness measurement floor and to determine whether the structural changes measured by SD-OCT are useful for estimating the functional status in these patients. Methods: A total of 68 eyes from 68 patients with advanced glaucoma were included. Only eyes having an average ...

récis: Neuroretinal rim minimum distance band (MDB) thickness is significantly lower in older subjects and African Americans compared with whites. It is similar in both sexes. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between age, race, and sex with the neuroretinal rim using high-density spectral-domain optical coherence tomography optic nerve volume scans of normal eyes. Methods: A total of 256 normal subjects underwent Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography optic nerve head volume scans. One eye was randomly selected and analyzed for each subject. Using custom-designed software, the neuroretinal rim MDB thickness was calculated from volume scans, and global and quadrant neuroretinal ...

Purpose: This study aims to suggest a novel strategy for assessing the activity of myopic choroidal neovascularization ( mCNV ) based on optical coherence tomography angiography ( OCTA ) and to compare it with traditional fundus fluorescein angiography as the gold standard. Methods: Macular OCTA images were obtained using RTVue XR Avanti with AngioVue. Morphologic features of mCNV lesions were analyzed. Characteristics of OCTA in 41 eyes with active mCNV and 41 eyes with inactive mCNV were analyzed. Optical coherence tomography angiography parameters associated with mCNV activity and the clinical significance of their sensitivity and specificity were analyzed using fundus fluorescein angiography as the ...

Purpose: To evaluate radial peripapillary capillary density (RPCD) in irradiated eyes without radiation papillopathy clinically. Methods: Patients treated with plaque radiotherapy for unilateral choroidal melanoma without radiation papillopathy clinically received optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography imaging at ∼12- to 24-month follow-up. Comparison of RPCD globally and meridian closest to plaque and meridian farthest to plaque of irradiated versus nonirradiated eyes was performed. Results: Mean age was 55 years (n = 10). Mean largest basal diameter and thickness were 10.1 and 4.4 mm, respectively. Mean radiation dose to the optic nerve head and foveola was 41.7 ...

UY SDC Abstract In Brief Author Information Article Metrics Purpose: To report a cohort with optic disk pit maculopathy (ODPM) presenting with neurosensory macular detachment that were initially misdiagnosed and mistreated; and to describe structural features on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in misdiagnosed and all other consecutive cases of ODPM. Methods: Multicenter international retrospective cohort study. Participants: 59 eyes from 59 patients with ODPM. Main outcome measures: 1) Proportion of patients with ODPM initially misdiagnosed, inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. 2) Morphologic features on spectral domain optical coherence tomography : other causes of subretinal and/or intraretinal fluid, inner/outer retinoschisis ...

Purpose: We assessed the role of vitreoretinal interface status in the development of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) after cataract surgery. Methods: Prospective cohort study in which 112 patients (112 eyes) scheduled for cataract surgery were selected at random to undergo spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) within 1 week preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Spectral domain OCT macular images included no vitreoretinal contact, focal and diffuse vitreomacular adhesion , focal and diffuse vitreomacular traction , epiretinal membrane , macular hole, and macular edema. Results: The incidence of PCME was 11.6% (13 eyes), all of them being diagnosed at ...

Purpose: With the increasing prevalence of diabetes, fast, noninvasive identification of proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) becomes essential. This study evaluated the utility of optical coherence tomography angiography ( OCTA ) to characterize intraretinal microvascular abnormalities ( IRMA ) and retinal neovascularization (NV). Methods: Patients with severe non- PDR or PDR were imaged with fluorescein angiography and widefield swept-source OCTA (Zeiss Plex Elite 9000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Regions suspicious for IRMA or retinal NV were identified and the OCTA , including flow overlay on the co-registered structural optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography images were graded by two masked readers. Results: Ninety-six foci of ...

Background: To assess the utility of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), compared with other conventional imaging modalities, for detecting and characterizing optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) in children. Methods: We report a retrospective cross-sectional case series of consecutive pediatric patients (age ≤16 years) with ONHD confirmed using B-scan ultrasonography. All eyes were evaluated using spectral-domain OCT of the optic nerve head in conventional (non-EDI) and EDI modes, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and standard automated perimetry. Detection rates and the capacity to characterize ONHD were compared between EDI-OCT, non–EDI-OCT, and FAF. Results: Twenty-eight eyes of 15 patients (mean age ...

Précis: Neuroretinal rim minimum distance band thickness is significantly lower in older subjects and African Americans compared to Caucasians. It is similar in both genders. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between age, race, and gender with the neuroretinal rim using high-density spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) optic nerve volume scans of normal eyes. Methods: 256 normal subjects underwent Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) SD-OCT optic nerve head volume scans. One eye was randomly selected and analyzed for each subject. Using custom-designed software, the neuroretinal rim minimum distance band (MDB) thickness was calculated from volume scans, and global and ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article discusses an approach to imaging in patients with neuro-ophthalmologic disorders, with emphasis on the clinical-anatomic localization of lesions affecting afferent and efferent visual function. RECENT FINDINGS:Advances in MRI, CT, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography have changed how neuro-ophthalmic disorders are diagnosed and followed in the modern clinical era. SUMMARY:The advantages, disadvantages, and indications for various imaging techniques for neuro-ophthalmologic disorders are discussed, with a view to optimizing how these tools can be used to enhance patient care.

Purpose: To determine the ability of nonperfusion, vessel density , and morphologic measurements using projection-resolved optical coherence tomography angiography to detect early retinal microvasculature impairments in diabetes mellitus. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with no diabetic retinopathy (DR) or mild nonproliferative DR and age-matched controls imaged with optical coherence tomography angiography . Foveal avascular zone-related metrics and extrafoveal avascular area were measured in optical coherence tomography angiography images. Vessel density and fractal dimension were calculated with and without a skeletonization process. The vessel diameter index and vessel tortuosity were computed. The area under the receiver ...

SIGNIFICANCE The validity of measurements of OA-2000 (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan), a new swept-source optical coherence tomography–based biometer, was evaluated in comparison with IOLMaster 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) as a reference method for optical biometry in cataract patients. PURPOSE This article compares the validity of measurements between OA-2000 and IOLMaster 500. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, axial length, lens thickness, anterior chamber depth, and keratometry readings were obtained by the OA-2000 and IOLMaster 500. Two measurements were taken by each method. Patients in which any one of the biometry methods could not be performed owing to severity ...

Purpose: To report the correlation between recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) dosage and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness values measured by optical coherence tomography in a case of pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) after rhGH. Methods: An 11-year-old girl was receiving rhGH for panhypopituitarism. The patient developed PTCS, and her rhGH dose was adjusted using optical coherence tomography RNFL thickness measurements. The linear correlation coefficient (r) and coefficient of determination (r 2 ) were calculated to assess the relationship between RNFL thickness and rhGH dose. Results: As the rhGH dosage was increased, the RNFL thickness values also increased, especially when acetazolamide was ...

Background/Purpose: To determine which retinal layer is primarily involved in intraretinal vascular processes associated with Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis using multimodal imaging, including optical coherence tomography angiography ( OCTA ). Methods: Toxoplasma retinal lesions were analyzed through multimodal imaging, including color fundus photographs, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, spectral-domain OCT, and OCTA . Results: Two patients with atypical features of Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis are described in the acute phase. The first patient presented with a primary episode of acute Toxoplasma retinitis associated with an intraretinal abnormal vascular process that was detected at the acute phase by indocyanine green angiography and was better delineated by OCTA ...

Précis: Patients with CMS defined severe glaucoma often have clinically useful remaining RNFL, suggesting that structurally-based rather than functionally-based criteria would be more appropriate to use as guidelines for the utilization of OCT imaging. Purpose: RNFL OCT in glaucomatous eyes with advanced structural damage can reach a floor after which there is no further detectable thinning of RNFL. Insurers are considering limiting coverage for OCT in “severe stage glaucoma” defined by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). However, CMS definitions of severe glaucoma are based primarily on visual field (VF) criteria. Many of these patients may have preserved ...