Purpose: To compare the detection rate of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in treatment-naive neovascular age-related macular degeneration by swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA, Topcon's DRI Triton) working at 1,050 nm wavelength versus fluorescence angiography. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 156 eyes (107 neovascular age-related macular degeneration and 49 dry AMD) in 98 patients, previously diagnosed by multimodal imaging using fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (Heidelberg's Spectralis) in a tertiary retina center, evaluated by SS-OCTA 4.5 mm x 4.5 mm and 6 mm x 6 mm macular cubes. Main outcome measures were sensitivity and specificity ...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the acute and mid-term effects of drug-coated balloon (DCB) in terms of the healing process of non-flow-limiting dissections and changes in the neointimal area after DCB treatment using frequency domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). Patients and methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients with in-stent restenosis pretreated with a scoring balloon were evaluated (19 and 17 patients with and without a DCB, respectively). FD-OCT was performed before and after each procedure during percutaneous coronary intervention and at 6 months of follow-up. Results: Clinical characteristics and baseline FD-OCT findings were comparable between the two groups ...

Purpose: To investigate vascular perfusion and foveal avascular zone area in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) after intravitreal aflibercept therapy in central retinal vein occlusion eyes and their association with best-corrected visual acuity. Methods: Thirty-five subjects with central retinal vein occlusion and macular edema were evaluated. After macular edema resolution following intravitreal aflibercept, subjects underwent optical coherence tomography angiography to measure SCP and DCP perfusion and the foveal avascular zone within a 3 x 3-mm area. Correlations between best-corrected visual acuity and optical coherence tomography angiography measurements were examined. Results: After intravitreal aflibercept therapy, mean ...

Purpose: To explore the attenuation coefficient (AC) of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, in healthy eyes and eyes affected by glaucoma. To assess the relation between RNLF AC, disease severity, RNFL thickness, visual field sensitivity threshold, spatial location and age. Patients and Methods: We analyzed peripapillary circle scans of a clinical OCT device (Spectralis OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) in 102 glaucoma patients and 90 healthy controls. The images were fully automatically converted into depth-resolved AC images. Next, the median AC within the RNFL was calculated based on the Spectralis segmentation ...

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of errors in segmentation of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) boundary in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) images, and to identify factors associated with the errors. Patients and Methods: Peripapillary RNFL circle scans and macular three-dimensional scans of consecutive cases imaged with SDOCT (RS-3000 Advance; Nidek, Gamagori, Japan) were retrospectively reviewed by a glaucoma specialist. Images with signal strength index (SSI) <6 were excluded. Threshold for segmentation failure was determined as 15 degrees in the RNFL scans and 1/24 of the scanned area in the GCC ...

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a non-invasive technology that allows visualization of retinal blood vessels. It is important to determine reproducibility of measurements as low precision can impair its diagnostic capabilities. The purpose of this study is to determine intra-visit and inter-visit reproducibility of optic nerve head (ONH) and macular vessel density measurements with OCT-A. Patients and Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteers and fourteen glaucoma patients completed two OCT-A (AngioVue; Optovue Inc.) scanning sessions on each of two separate days to assess intra-visit and inter-visit reproducibility. A series of ONH and macula scans were acquired at each session. Vessel ...

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is used to assess vascular abnormality in advanced stage vitelliform macular dystrophy (VMD2). Methods: Multimodal imaging including spectral domain (SD) OCT, autofluorescence (AF), fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) as well as optical coherence tomography angiography were performed. Patients: Two eyes in one young patient with diagnosed vitelliform macular dystrophy were investigated for progressive visual dysfunction. Results: Optical coherence tomography angiography identified neovascular formation within the outer retina and the choriocapillaris respectively while all other imaging methods were inconclusive. Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography angiography was superior to conventional angiography in the detection of ...

Purpose: The junctional zone at the border of areas of geographic atrophy (GA) in eyes with nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration is an important target region for future therapeutic strategies. The goal of this study was to perform a detailed classification and quantitative characterization of the junctional zone using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Methods: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography volume cube scans (Spectralis OCT, 1024 x 37, Automatic Real Time > 9) were obtained from 15 eyes of 11 patients with GA because of nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration. Volume optical coherence tomography data were imported into previously described validated grading software ...

Purpose: To describe the sequential evolution of outer retinal tubulations (ORTs) in patients diagnosed with choroidal neovascularization and/or retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. Methods: Retrospective evaluation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography of a consecutive cohort of patients with various retinal conditions. Results: We reviewed the clinical findings of 238 eyes of 119 consecutive patients (54 men and 65 women) with a mean age of 76.2 +/- 14.2 years (range: 57-90) and a mean follow-up of 3 +/- 1.6 years (range 1-7). Over the follow-up period, ORTs were diagnosed in 67 of 238 eyes (28.1%), 9 of which ...

Purpose: To report the feasibility and information provided by intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) during vitreomacular surgery in highly myopic eyes. Methods: Retrospective observational case series on consecutive highly myopic eyes that underwent vitreomacular surgery with iOCT for epiretinal membrane (ERM), macular hole, and myopic foveoschisis. The main outcome was the qualitative and quantitative assessment of retinal changes: detection of persistent epiretinal structures, new openings, central macular thickness, and macular hole diameters after each step of the surgical procedure. Quantitative measurements (in pixels) were manually obtained on iOCT video screen captures. Results: Twenty-two eyes were included: six ERMs, 10 macular ...

Purpose: To study macular capillary changes and vessel density in acute pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) before and after treatment using optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods: Retrospective observational case-control study of seven consecutive patients (eight eyes) with PCME and eight age-matched control eyes imaged with optical coherence tomography angiography (RTVue XR Avanti; Optovue, Inc, Fremont, CA) using Projection Removal Artifacts software. Vessel density was calculated. Results: The mean time to diagnosis of PCME was 2.3 +/- 0.9 months after surgery. At initial examination, the superficial capillary plexus pattern was near-normal in all PCME eyes, although it was attenuated in ...

Purpose: To compare the visibility of deep optic nerve head (ONH) structures and the visible area of the anterior surface of the lamina cribrosa (ASLC) with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and swept-source OCT (SS-OCT). Materials and Methods: In total, 33 glaucoma patients were imaged with SD-OCT (Spectralis, 24 radial B-scans centered on the ONH) and SS-OCT (Atlantis, 12 radial and a horizontal and vertical raster scan pattern containing 5 lines each, centered on the ONH). One of the SS-OCT horizontal and vertical scans that was best matching with the horizontal and vertical scan lines with those of SD-OCT was ...

Purpose: To describe new software tools for quantifying optic nerve head drusen volume using 3-dimensional (3D) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) volumetric scans. Materials and Methods: SS-OCT was used to acquire raster volume scans of 8 eyes of 4 patients with bilateral optic nerve head drusen. The scans were manually segmented by 3 graders to identify the drusen borders, and thereafter total drusen volumes were calculated. Linear regression was performed to study the relationships between drusen volume, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and Humphrey visual field mean deviation. Results: In the 8 study eyes, drusen volumes ranged between 0.24 ...

Purpose: To compare fluid detection of autosegmented en face to 12-line radial spectral domain optical coherence tomography scan patterns in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Methods: Retrospective observational case series. Sixty-seven patients (94 eyes) with neovascular age-related macular degeneration underwent autosegmented en face optical coherence tomography (with associated 304-line raster scan) and 12-line radial scan patterns. Sensitivity and specificity of fluid detection for en face scan and 12-line radial scans were determined by combining radial and 304-line raster scans as a gold standard. Results: Two hundred and fifty-eight en face and 12-line radial spectral domain optical coherence tomography scans were interpreted ...

Although coronary angiography represents a well established diagnostic modality for percutaneous coronary intervention guidance, recent intravascular imaging techniques, such as intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and near-infrared spectroscopy offer advantages on top of angiography, enhancing the efficacy of lesion evaluation and potentially optimizing the acute and long-term percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes. In addition, recently new generation imaging options have emerged, such as high-definition intravascular ultrasound, polarization-sensitive OCT, intravascular photoacoustic imaging and ultrafast heartbeat OCT. In this review, the current data on the available intravascular imaging techniques, their clinical utility as well as recent technical progresses will be summarized.

Purpose: To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in eyes with Behçet uveitis (BU) and to compare these findings with those of fluorescein angiography (FA). Methods: Prospective, comparative, cross-sectional study. Patients presenting with clinically active BU involving the posterior segment were evaluated using FA, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and OCTA. Optical coherence tomography angiograms were reviewed and analyzed. Foveal avascular zone areas and vessel densities were also reported. Results: Twenty-five patients (44 eyes) were included. Perifoveal microvascular changes were more frequently observed on OCTA than on FA (95.5 vs 59.1%; P < 0.001). Disruption ...

Purpose: To evaluate the photoreceptor layer in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion associated with macular ischemia, using a method of en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) representation of the ellipsoid zone. Methods: Customized macular OCT scans of 9 patients (10 eyes) with branch retinal vein occlusion and macular ischemia were exported and subsequently postprocessed (removal of vascular and cystic spaces' shadows, segmentation, and alignment to the retinal pigment epithelium). The ellipsoid band was then isolated, aligned, and used to produce an en face OCT image. Areas with photoreceptor loss (hyporeflective ellipsoid) were compared with ischemic areas as identified in ...

Purpose: To investigate the parafoveal perfusion status of the superficial and deep capillary layer in eyes with resolved branch retinal vein occlusion, and to study its effects on retinal sensitivity. Methods: In 27 enrolled eyes (27 patients) with resolved branch retinal vein occlusion, superficial and deep capillaries in the macular area (3- × 3-mm, centered on the fovea) were examined with optical coherence tomography angiography. Retinal sensitivity was examined with fundus-monitored microperimetry. Results: Optical coherence tomography angiography clearly showed the parafoveal superficial and deep capillaries individually. On the affected side of retina, 25 eyes (92.6%) showed capillary nonperfusion; 23 (85 ...

Retinal cavernous hemangioma is a rare, benign, retinal tumor characterized by angiomatous proliferation of vessels within the inner retina or the optic disc.1 Here we report a case of retinal cavernous hemangioma on the margin of the optic disc in the right eye of a 61-year-old asymptomatic female. The lesion was studied with multimodal imaging which included structural optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, blue fundus auto-fluorescence, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (DRI OCT Triton; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) and visual field examination. Blood circulation inside retinal cavernous hemangioma lesion is typically low-stagnant.2 However, OCTA demonstrated blood flow inside the ...

Purpose: To report two years results of deep sclerectomy (DS) with mitomycin C and the uveoscleral implant Esnoper-Clip (AJL Ophthalmics. Alava, Spain), a non-absorbable hema implant, and the morphological analysis of the surgical area with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: Forty-one eyes of 41 patients with medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma (OAG) who underwent DS with the uveoscleral implant were included in this prospective interventional study. Patients were recruited and selected sequentially. All patients were followed at least for 12 months and 36 of them for 24 months. Absolute success was defined as IOP <=18 mmHg and >=20 ...

Purpose: To compare the vessel density measurements of optic nerve head (ONH), peripapillary and macular regions in severity-matched primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes with and without disc hemorrhage (DH) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA), and to compare their diagnostic abilities with that of the rim area, retinal nerve fiber layer and the ganglion cell complex thickness measurements on OCT. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 66 eyes of 46 control subjects, 34 eyes of 33 POAG patients with DH (median mean deviation, MD: -3.7 dB) and 63 eyes of 43 POAG patients without DH (median MD: -3 ...

Purpose: To describe a novel intraoperative finding during pars plana vitrectomy for macular hole using operating microscope-integrated spectral domain optical coherence tomography that predicts the closure of macular hole. Methods: Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients with macular hole, who underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy over a period of 16 months at a tertiary eye care center by a single surgeon, were recruited in this retrospective interventional study. All eyes were assessed with intraoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography before and after internal limiting membrane peeling. The patients were assessed in terms of best-corrected visual acuity, preoperative minimal hole diameter, and ...

Purpose: To evaluate baseline features and morphologic changes of vitreoretinal adhesion and outer retinal layers outside the macula after intravitreal ocriplasmin injection. To study the relation between vitreous detachment and attenuation of retinal outer segments signal. Methods: Retrospective cases series of 15 eyes. Each eye was scanned with the 55[degrees] wide-field optical coherence tomography lens in 6 different locations, three horizontal B-scan (central, temporal, and nasal) and three vertical B-scan (central, superior, and inferior) at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after injection. Results: After ocriplasmin injection, vitreomacular traction (VMT) resolved in 12 patients (80 ...

Purpose: To use fractal dimensional analysis to investigate retinal vascular disease patterns in patients with diabetic retinopathy using spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted which included 49 eyes from 26 control subjects and 58 eyes from 35 patients known to have diabetic retinopathy. Of the 58 eyes with known retinopathy, 31 were categorized as nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (13 mild, 9 moderate, and 9 severe) and 27 were categorized as proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Optical coherence tomography angiography images were acquired using the RTVue XR Avanti (Optovue, Inc). Automated segmentation was obtained through both the superficial ...