Purpose: To evaluate corneal epithelial thickness (CET) and corneal thickness (CT) in healthy eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Methods: Thirty-six healthy eyes were imaged using the Cirrus high-definition (HD)-optical coherence tomography device. The average CET and CT were assessed using Cirrus Review Software within predefined concentric corneal ring-shaped zones. Specific regions of CET (superior, inferior, temporal, nasal, superonasal, inferotemporal, superotemporal, and inferonasal) were also assessed. The difference between zones was compared between males and females. Results: The average CET was 48.3, 47.1, 46.1, and 45.8 μm in the 4 concentric zones (0–2 ...

Purpose: To measure corneal epithelial thickness (CET) in patients with glaucoma using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography and to evaluate CET changes in relation to corneal epithelial microvilli analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods: Twenty-two eyes (16 patients) being treated with preservative-containing topical medications and 12 normal eyes underwent anterior-segment optical coherence tomography imaging using RTVue-100. The CET maps generated corresponded to a 6-mm diameter area of cornea that was divided into 17 sectors. We compared the CETs of each sector obtained in the glaucomatous group with those obtained in the control group. Results: Glaucomatous eyes were divided into 2 ...

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes in eyes with macular hole (MH) managed by either facedown (FD) or no-FD (nFD) postoperative positioning protocols. Methods: This is a prospective randomized cohort study. Eighty eyes of 80 consecutive patients with MH who had undergone vitrectomy surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade were included in this study. Forty eyes of 40 patients who were kept in FD position for 3 days after surgery were assigned to the FD group, 40 eyes of 40 patients with nFD positioning were assigned to the nFD group. Macular hole was examined with swept-source optical coherence ...

Purpose: To determine the potential of anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to predict post- trabeculectomy outcomes in NVG . Patients and Methods: We recruited fifty-five eyes of 40 NVG patients who underwent trabeculectomy . The patients were divided into success and failure groups based on the post- trabeculectomy outcome after 12 months. AS-OCT findings were compared in the success and failure groups at 1 and 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. We also analyzed early post- trabeculectomy bleb parameters with multiple logistic regression, stepwise multiple regression, and the receiver operator curve (ROC) to evaluate the power of these parameters ...

Purpose: To investigate the spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings before and after dialysis in patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis for the first time. Methods: A retrospective medical review of patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease who recently started dialysis was conducted. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings before and after initiation of dialysis were analyzed. Systemic blood pressure, body weight, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine (Cr), albumin, hemoglobin (Hb), and total CO 2 were measured before and 1 month after starting dialysis . The correlations between the changes in these ...

Purpose: Preterm children have an increased risk of impaired vision from retinopathy, strabismus, and high refractive error. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between foveal parameters generated by optical coherence tomography angiography and visual function in preterm children. Methods: Eighty eyes (32 eyes of former preterm infants and 48 age-matched full-term control eyes) were analyzed. Subjects underwent complete eye examinations including best-corrected visual acuity and retinal imaging with the Optovue XR Avanti optical coherence tomography angiography device. Foveal morphologic parameters including foveal depth, central foveal thickness, inner retinal area, and outer retinal area were measured on ...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the lamina cribrosa (LC) microvasculature using swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images that have been processed using multiple image averaging and a projection-resolved algorithm. OCTA has recently gained popularity for assessing retinal and choroidal microvasculature . However, it is not known if the LC microvasculature , which likely holds important information for further understanding of glaucoma , can be visualized with OCTA. Methods: One normal subject and one glaucomatous subject were enrolled and optic disc 3×3▒mm SS-OCTA cubic images were obtained for each subject. Anterior LC slab frames were developed ...

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between macular vessel density and ganglion cell to inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) and to compare their diagnostic performance. We attempted to develop a new combined parameter using an artificial neural network . Methods: A total of 173 subjects: 100 for the test and 73 for neural net training. The test group consisted of 32 healthy, 33 early, and 35 advanced glaucoma subjects. Macular GCIPLT and vessel density were measured using Spectralis optical coherence tomography and Topcon swept-source optical coherence tomography, respectively. Various regression models were used to investigate the relationships between macular vessel density and ...

Purpose of review The rapid emergence and widespread adoption of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has spurred the development of many ophthalmic applications. Spectral domain OCT provides high-resolution in-vivo images of both anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Innovations in anterior segment OCT (AS-OCT) aim to improve refractive accuracy and reduce surgical risks. This review focuses on the utility of AS-OCT in cataract surgery for preoperative assessment, intraoperative assistance, and postoperative management to improve surgical outcomes. Recent findings Recent advances in AS-OCT for preoperative planning include characterization of dry eye and ocular surface conditions, calculation of intraocular lens (IOL) power ...

The imaging characteristics of drug-eluting in-stent restenosis (ISR) at different times varied; however, the mechanism had not yet been elucidated. To analyze the imaging characteristics of drug-eluting ISR at different time points by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and investigate the cause of the stent treatment failure. A total of 70 patients with drug-eluting ISR undergoing OCT were enrolled (intimal hyperplasia ≥50% of stent area) and implanted with drug-eluting stents . According to stent implantation time, the patients were divided into 2 groups: early in-stent restenosis group (E-ISR group) (group A, n = 35, stent age ≤12 months) and late in-stent restenosis group ...

Purpose of review Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of blindness throughout the world. Ocular imaging continues to play a vital role in the diagnosis, management and monitoring of diabetic retinopathy . Major technological advancements in imaging over the past decade have improved our understanding and knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and therefore a multimodal approach to imaging has become the standard of care. Recent findings Updates to traditional technologies such as digital fundus photography along with recent advancements in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have provided clinicians with new ...

Purpose: In a myopic population, we investigated the occurrence of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) segmentation errors that required manual correction in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its effect on glaucoma diagnostic capability of OCT. Materials and Methods: Myopic subjects (spherical equivalent refractive error <−3 diopters) with and without primary open-angle glaucoma were recruited. Three circumpapillary RNFL scans with diameters of 3.45, 4.50, and 6.00▒mm were obtained using spectral-domain OCT. RNFL segmentation errors were manually corrected. Receiver operating characteristic curves of RNFL thickness were obtained and area under the curves (AUCs) were calculated before and ...

Purpose: To compare changes in optical coherence tomography angiography in eyes with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy after treatment with anti–vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy or combined with photodynamic therapy . Methods: This is a longitudinal case-controlled study. The authors performed optical coherence tomography angiography at baseline and Month 3 in patients with treatment-naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy undergoing monotherapy (n = 10) or combination therapy (n = 13). We analyzed flow signal within the outer retina and choriocapillaris using automated segmentation. The authors analyzed the presence of pachyvessels using a 10.4- μ m segment through Haller layer . The changes in each layer were compared ...

Purpose: To investigate the utility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for detecting pathologic vascularization within pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs). Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, consecutive case series. Multimodal imaging (structural OCT, fluorescein, and indocyanine green angiography) was used as the gold standard to classify PEDs as nonvascularized or vascularized. Optical coherence tomography angiography imaging of the PED was subsequently and independently evaluated to classify PEDs as vascularized or nonvascularized. Specifically, OCTA images were evaluated for the presence of abnormal flow on cross-sectional OCTA and the presence of a vascular complex on en face OCTA. Comparisons between OCTA and ...

We describe an angiographically identified double lumen of the proximal right coronary artery. Optical coherence tomography was performed and guided diagnosis and treatment.

Background: The goal of the present study was to analyze the macular microvacular network in mild cognitive impirment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Twelve patients with AD and 19 patients with MCI were recruited together with 21 cognitively normal controls with a similar range of ages. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to image the retinal microvascular network at the macular region, including retinal vascular network (RVN), superficial vascular plexus (SVP), and deep vascular plexus (DVP). Fractal analysis (box counting, D box ) representing the microvascular density was performed in different annular zones and quadrantal sectors. The macular ganglion cell ...

Purpose: To evaluate the use of spectral domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SD-ASOCT) in fungal keratitis . Methods: Fifty eyes of 50 patients with fungal keratitis were recruited. Serial ASOCT was performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56. Corneal thickness (CT) in the infiltrate area, infiltrate thickness (IT), and infiltrate width were measured at each follow-up. The presence of any specific feature on ASOCT was evaluated. Results: Mean CT and IT at presentation were 650.5 ± 108 μm and 401.1 ± 91 μm, which reduced significantly at each follow-up [on days 7, 14, 28, and 42 ...

Purpose: To examine the microstructural changes in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) in a primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patient at 2 time points, 4 months apart. Patients and Methods: This case-control study (one POAG patient and one normal control) used the single cell, three-dimensional volumetric imaging capability of an adaptive optics - optical coherence tomography -scanning laser ophthalmoscopy system to examine the inner retina. Results: At the area of greatest glaucomatous change in the POAG patient (3°T-3°I, right eye), the GCL was greatly thinned at both time points, yet retinal ganglion cell (RGC ...

Purpose: Patients with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) may have suboptimal visual recovery, despite successful reattachment due to various reasons. This study was performed to evaluate the retinal microvasculature in subjects undergoing surgery for RRD using optical coherence tomography angiography . Methods: In this case–control study, the analysis of optical coherence tomography angiography findings of 19 eyes of 19 patients (15 men) who underwent RRD surgery at a tertiary institute were compared with 19 eyes of 19 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects with no known ocular disease. 3 × 3-mm optical coherence tomography angiography scans were obtained at 3 months postoperatively ...

Purpose: To report a case of macular vortex vein imaged with indocyanine green angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography . Methods: Observational case report. Results: A 51-year-old myopic man presented with the complaint of a floater in his left eye for the previous 2 weeks. His visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Biomicroscopy was normal. Retinoscopy revealed lattice degeneration and posterior vitreous detachment of both eyes with dilated submacular vasculature in the right eye and submacular hemorrhage in the left eye. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT) as an assessment of the efficacy of atorvastatin treatment. Twenty-four acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients were allocated to conventional-dose (20 mg atorvastatin, n = 12) and intensive-dose (40–80 mg atorvastatin, n = 12) groups and correlations between changes in the OCT measurements and blood routine indexes were analyzed 9 months post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Treatment with atorvastatin resulted in a significant increase in the target thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) fibrous cap thicknesses in both groups. The increase was bigger in the intensive-dose group than in the conventional-dose group (184 ...

Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of detection and the measured size of choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) on two commercially available spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography ( OCTA ) devices, the Optovue RTVue XR Avanti with AngioVue and the Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT with AngioPlex. Methods: Patients with CNV lesions were imaged consecutively on both OCTA devices on the same day of their visit. 3 × 3 mm and 6 × 6 mm scans centered at the fovea were obtained. Two independent masked readers evaluated the OCTA images for CNV identification and its area measurements. Results: No significant differences were observed between the 2 OCTA devices ...

Purpose of review Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive in-vivo imaging tool that enables the quantification of the various retinal layer thicknesses. Given the frequent involvement of the visual pathway in multiple sclerosis , OCT has become an important tool in clinical practice, research and clinical trials. In this review, the role of OCT as a means to investigate visual pathway damage in multiple sclerosis is discussed. Recent findings Evidence from recent OCT studies suggests that the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) appears to be an ideal marker of axonal integrity, whereas the macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform ...

Purpose: To evaluate baseline features and morphologic changes of vitreoretinal adhesion and outer retinal layers outside the macula after intravitreal ocriplasmin injection. To study the relation between vitreous detachment and attenuation of retinal outer segments signal. Methods: Retrospective cases series of 15 eyes. Each eye was scanned with the 55° wide-field optical coherence tomography lens in 6 different locations, three horizontal B-scan (central, temporal, and nasal) and three vertical B-scan (central, superior, and inferior) at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after injection. Results: After ocriplasmin injection, vitreomacular traction (VMT) resolved in 12 patients (80%), 3 ...