Aim To compare the repeatability of peripapillary perfusion density and flux index measurements on referenced and non-referenced optical microangiography (OMAG) scans in normal, glaucoma suspect and glaucoma eyes. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 48 eyes (33 subjects) underwent three repeat, non-referenced peripapillary OMAG scans in the same session and 43 eyes (25 subjects) underwent three referenced peripapillary OMAG scans. In the referenced scan group, repeat scans (second and the third scan) were acquired exactly on the baseline (first) scan using the ‘track to prior scan’ option on the device. Repeatability estimates of the mean and four-sector (temporal, superior, nasal and ...

Background The ability of deep learning (DL) algorithms to identify eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans has been previously established. We herewith evaluate the ability of a DL model, showing excellent performance on a Korean data set, to generalse onto an American data set despite ethnic differences. In addition, expert graders were surveyed to verify if the DL model was appropriately identifying lesions indicative of nAMD on the OCT scans. Methods Model development data set—12 247 OCT scans from South Korea; external validation data set—91 509 OCT scans from Washington, USA ...

Purpose To compare anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography (AS-OCTA) systems in delineating normal iris vessels and iris neovascularisation (NVI) in eyes with pigmented irides. Methods Prospective study from January 2019 to June 2019 of 10 consecutive patients with normal pigmented iris, had AS-OCTA scans with a described illumination technique, before using the same protocol in five eyes with NVI (clinical stages 1–3). All scans were sequentially performed using a spectral-domain OCTA (SD-OCTA), and a swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA, Plex Elite 9000). Images were graded by two masked observers for visibility, artefacts and NVI characteristics. The main outcome measure was ...

Background/Aims To evaluate the ability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to identify the presence or absence of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) and CNV activity in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Clinical parameters, fundus fluorescein angiogram and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were used as the gold standard to determine disease activity. OCTA imaging was performed on the same day and was graded by two masked retina specialists for the presence or absence of CNV. Traditional multimodal imaging and OCTA findings were compared. Results One hundred and fifty-two eyes of 106 patients with AMD were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 59 ...

Purpose To evaluate genetic influence on macular ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness. Methods Macular GCIPL thickness was measured with optical coherence tomography in nine macular subfields defined by the E TDRS. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of GCIPL thickness by different types of family relationships were estimated to assess intrafamilial resemblance. Then, heritability of GCIPL thickness was estimated. Results Three hundred and sixty-one Korean adults from 89 families with normal healthy eyes were included. GCIPL thickness was highest in inner subfields and lowest in fovea. Monozygotic twin pairs showed significantly higher ICCs of GCIPL thickness in all subfields compared ...

Background/Aims To describe some novel vitreoretinal microstructural findings in patients with mild familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) on ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (UWF-SLO) and UWF optical coherence tomography (UWF-OCT) and to evaluate their clinical significance. Methods A total of 32 patients and 32 healthy controls were studied. An additional independent 40 FEVR patients, 44 patients with non-FEVR retinopathies and 40 healthy controls participated in a diagnostic test to validate the abilities of novel findings in FEVR screening. Results A novel anatomic change, named Temporal Mid-Peripheral Vitreoretinal Interface Abnormality (TEMPVIA), was found on UWF-SLO in 88.3% of FEVR patients and ...

Aim To standardise the nomenclature for reporting optical coherence angiography (OCT-A) findings in the field of uveitis. Methods Members of the International Uveitis Study Group, of the American Uveitis Society and of the Sociedad Panamericana de Infermedades Oculares that choose to participate responded to an online questionnaire about their preferred terminology when reporting on OCT-A findings in uveitis. The response of individuals with several publications on OCT-A (experts) was compared with uveitis specialists (users) who have less than five publications on the field of uveitis and OCT-A. Results A total of 108 uveitis specialists who participated in the survey were ...

Background/Aims The aim of this study was to assess the optic nerve head (ONH) and macular vessel density with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and the ONH haemoglobin (ONH Hb) amount with Laguna ONhE program in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients. Methods In this prospective observational cross-sectional study, 67 OAG patients and 41 healthy age-sex frequency matched subjects were examined with OCT-A and retinal photos. The circumpapillary (wcpVD), optic nerve head (iVD) and macular (wmVD) capillary vessel density of OCT-A and ONH colorimetric assessment to determine the ONH Hb amount using the Laguna ONhE program were evaluated. Results Significant differences ...

Background Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) provides not only visualisation but also quantitative measurement of foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Media opacity is common in elderly subjects with cataracts. This study aimed to investigate the impact of media opacity on automated and manual FAZ measurement. Methods Cirrus 5000 OCTA and Triton OCTA were used to image FAZ using a 3×3 mm scanning protocol from 30 eyes of 30 healthy normal subjects. Media opacity was simulated with neutral-density filters (optical density (OD): 0.10–0.48 in Cirrus 5000 and 0.15–0.51 in Triton). Signal strength (SS) and signal ...

Background To investigate the relationship between estimated mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) and peripapillary perfusion density (PD) or vessel density (VD) as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in young healthy eyes. Methods 132 healthy participants (264 eyes) under 45 years of age underwent optic disc OCTA scan sized 3×3 mm to acquire PD and VD in the superficial vascular complex (SVC). Optic nerve head (ONH) parameters including retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, rim area and disc area were measured. MOPP was estimated from systemic blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP). A linear mixed model was ...

Background/Aim To train and validate the prediction performance of the deep learning (DL) model to predict visual field (VF) in central 10° from spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods This multicentre, cross-sectional study included paired Humphrey field analyser (HFA) 10-2 VF and SD-OCT measurements from 591 eyes of 347 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or normal subjects for the training data set. We trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) for predicting VF threshold (TH) sensitivity values from the thickness of the three macular layers: retinal nerve fibre layer, ganglion cell layer+inner plexiform layer and outer segment+retinal ...

Aims To compare widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF SS-OCTA) with ultra-widefield colour fundus photography (UWF CFP) and fluorescein angiography (UWF FA) for detecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) lesions. Methods This prospective, observational study was conducted at Massachusetts Eye and Ear from December 2018 to October 2019. Proliferative DR, non-proliferative DR and diabetic patients with no DR were included. All patients were imaged with a WF SS-OCTA using a Montage 15×15 mm scan. UWF CFP and UWF FA were taken by a 200°, single capture retinal imaging system. Images were independently evaluated for the presence or absence of DR ...

Purpose To evaluate the effect of baseline test selection on progression detection of circumpapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) in glaucomatous eyes by optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided progression analysis (GPA). Methods A total of 53 eyes with either RNFL or GCIPL progression determined using OCT-GPA were included. Three different baseline conditions were created by dividing eight serial OCT tests from each eye into three sets. Specifically, these sets presented baseline tests at exams 1–2 (1st set), 2–3 (2nd set) and 3–4 (3rd set), respectively. Agreement on progression detection was ...

Introduction Uveal melanoma is most commonly treated with radiotherapy, destroying the tumour cells with adequate safety margins and limiting collateral damage to surrounding structures to preserve maximal vision. We used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to study the effects of radiotherapy on the retina. Methods Patients with posteriorly located choroidal melanoma treated with proton beam radiotherapy (PBR) and ruthenium-106 brachytherapy between January 2010 and June 2014 underwent spectral domain OCT. Results Images of 32 patients following ruthenium-106 brachytherapy and 44 patients following proton beam teletherapy were analysed. Following plaque brachytherapy, an early marked disruption of the outer retinal layers could be ...

Background/aims This study aimed to characterise the clinical outcomes and utility of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)-assisted macular hole (MH) repair. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of eyes in the D etermination of feasibility of I ntraoperative S pectral domain microscope C ombined/integrated O CT V isualization during E n face R etinal and ophthalmic surgery (DISCOVER) study undergoing surgical MH repair with use of iOCT. Functional and surgical outcome data were collected through 12 months postoperatively. MH closure rate, postoperative visual acuity (VA), percentage of cases in which iOCT provided valuable feedback and altered ...

Background To compare fluorescein angiography (FA) and five different optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices and to test their reproducibility in the evaluation of retinal microaneurysms (MAs) secondary to diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods On the same day, patients with DR were imaged with FA and five OCTA devices: prototype Spectralis OCTA, prototype PlexElite, RTVue XR Avanti, AngioPlex and DRI OCT Triton. For all OCTA devices, a 3×3 volume scan pattern was performed. MAs were evaluated for the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). Results Twenty eyes of 15 patients with DR were included. FA counted a ...

Purpose To evaluate the utility of optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) for monitoring activity, progression and response to therapy of neovascularisations (NVs) secondary to macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel). Methods In a retrospective analysis, eyes with NVs secondary to MacTel were reviewed over a period of ≥8 months. Examinations at monthly intervals included visual acuity testing, dilated funduscopy, spectral domain-OCT and OCT-A. Eyes were treated with intravitreal VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)-inhibitors following a pro-re-nata (PRN) regime, and treatment decisions were based on morphological signs of activity as determined by B-scan OCT and funduscopy. Signs of neovascular activity were defined ...

Background/aims To identify objective glaucoma-related structural features based on peripapillary (p) and macular (m) spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) parameters and assess their discriminative ability between healthy and glaucoma patients. Methods Two hundred and sixty eyes (91 controls and 169 glaucoma) were included in this prospective study. After a complete examination, all participants underwent the posterior pole and the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) protocols of the Spectralis SD-OCT. Principal component analysis (PCA), a data reduction method, was applied to identify and characterise the main information provided by the ganglion cell complex (GCC). The discriminative ability between ...

Aims To assess the diagnostic accuracy (DTA) of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for detecting glaucoma by systematically searching and appraising systematic reviews (SRs) on this issue. Methods We searched a database of SRs in eyes and vision maintained by the Cochrane Eyes and Vision United States on the DTA of OCT for detecting glaucoma. Two authors working independently screened the records, abstracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews checklist. We extracted quantitative DTA estimates as well as qualitative statements on their relevance to practice. Results We included four SRs published between ...

Background/ims To compare the retinal vessel diameter measurements obtained from the swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA; Plex Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA) and adaptive optics ophthalmoscope (AOO; RTX1, Imagine Eyes, France). Methods Fifteen healthy subjects, 67% women, mean age (SD) 30.87 (6.19) years, were imaged using OCTA and AOO by a single experienced operator on the same day. Each eye was scanned using two OCTA protocols (3×3 mm 2 and 9×9 mm 2 ) and two to five AOO scans (1.2×1.2 mm 2 ). The OCTA and AOO scans were scaled to ...

ackground To identify and analyse the character and relationship between flat irregular pigment epithelial detachment feature (FIPED), choroidal thickness and choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) network seen on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) in Chinese patients. Method In the present study, 152 eyes of 144 Chinese patients, who were previously diagnosed with CSCR, were retrospectively studied. Patients’ baseline characteristics, the course of CSCR, best-corrected visual acuity, the pattern of CNV on OCTA, FIPED and choroidal thickness detected by enhanced depth imaging-OCT (EDI-OCT) were analysed. Results It was disclosed that 7.23% of CSCR patients had ...

Purpose To investigate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) findings in recurrent type 3 macular neovascularisation (MNV). Methods In this retrospective cohort study, consecutive patients with type 3 MNV secondary to age-related macular degeneration underwent OCT-A at three different time points: baseline, after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment with complete resolution of the exudative signs (ie, non-exudative stage) and at the recurrence of exudation (ie, recurrence stage). Demographics and clinical findings were analysed, including OCT-A features of type 3 MNV recurrence. Results Twelve eyes (12 patients, mean age 78±7 years) were included. Using OCT-A, at baseline all type 3 MNVs ...

Aims To evaluate the associations between retinal blood flow (RBF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) structural measurements in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) eyes with single-hemifield visual field (VF) damage by the Doppler OCT. Methods The Doppler OCT was used to measure temporal artery (TA) RBF and temporal vein (TV) RBF. Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) was measured by spectral-domain OCT. Results Forty-three consecutive eyes of 43 patients with NTG with VF defect confined to a single hemifield and 24 eyes of 24 age-matched healthy subjects were studied. TA and TV RBF and RNFLT were reduced in the damaged hemisphere compared ...

Purpose To evaluate the utility of widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (WF-OCTA) compared with clinical examination in grading diabetic retinopathy in patients diagnosed clinically with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Design This retrospective observational case series included patients diagnosed clinically with PDR or severe NPDR. Patients underwent standard clinical examination and WF-OCTA imaging (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) using 12×12 montage scans between August 2018 and January 2019. Two trained graders identified neovascularisation at the disc (NVD) and neovascularisation elsewhere (NVE) on WF-OCTA which were compared with the clinical examination, and to ...