Introduction: The aim of this work was to describe the optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) features in paediatric Leber-Coats disease. Methods: Three children presenting with unilateral, clinically active Leber-Coats disease were evaluated using spectral domain OCT and OCTA. OCT angiograms were analysed and compared with the current literature. Results: All 3 OCT angiograms showed that the vessels had lost most of their collateral branches and presented many loops. The capillaries were rarefied and anomalies in vessel size, vasodilatation, and macroaneurysms were evident. Conclusion: This is the first case series of OCTA performed in children with Leber-Coats disease. OCTA is ...

Purpose: To evaluate outcome predictors of aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration pretreated with ranibizumab based on a treat-and-extend regimen (TER). Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of 18-month follow-up of 45 consecutive patients with limited response to ranibizumab. Results: At month 18, mean central retinal thickness and intraretinal fluid (IRF) height were significantly reduced. The recurrence-free treatment interval (RFTI) increased from 7.0 ± 1.8 to 8.5 ± 2.4 weeks ( p = 0.01); visual acuity remained stable. At month 18, 58.1% of patients showed a longer RFTI. At month 12, eyes with baseline subretinal fluid (SRF) had ...

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between macular structural changes and visual prognosis after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods: The study included 60 eyes that had undergone PPV. Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings were classified into 5 groups preoperatively and 10 groups postoperatively. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analyzed according to pre- and postoperative OCT. Results: From the preoperative OCT, normal fovea with/without traction, normal fovea with preretinal hemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachment involving fovea showed an increase in BCVA after PPV (all p < 0.05). Normal fovea, epiretinal membrane and macular ...

Purpose: To report a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease and describe the imaging findings by means of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: Medical and ophthalmological history, ophthalmological examination, laboratory evaluation, B-scan ultrasonography, fluorescein and indocyanine angiography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed at baseline, as well as OCTA. Results: A 50-year-old healthy female presented with decreased vision in both eyes. A Topcon DRI OCT Triton Plus swept source OCT system was used to visualize and evaluate the retinal and choroidal vascular plexus. Patchy and confluent dark areas in the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus and choriocapillaris corresponded ...

Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) shows potential for the in vivo quantitative evaluation of micro-structural enamel surface phenomena occurring during early erosive demineralization. This randomized controlled single-blind cross-over clinical study aimed to evaluate the use of SS-OCT for detecting optical changes in the enamel of 30 healthy volunteers subjected to orange juice rinsing (erosive challenge) in comparison to mineral water rinsing (control), according to wiped and non-wiped enamel surface states. Participants were randomly allocated to 60 min of orange juice rinsing (pH 3.8) followed by 60 min of water rinsing (pH 6.7) and vice versa, with a 2-week ...

Purpose: To perform a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the foveal microvasculature in eyes with diabetic maculopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods: Retrospective case series of 48 eyes with diabetic maculopathy and 47 healthy eyes evaluated by Spectralis OCT-A. Perifoveal arcade disruptions, linear vascular dilations, microaneurysms, intraretinal microvascular abnormalities and flow-void areas were qualitatively analyzed on OCT angiograms both for the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses. A fully automated microstructural analysis of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics, vascular and avascular surfaces was performed. Quantitative values from diabetic patients were compared with those of healthy subjects ...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) can detect and quantify the number of hyperreflective foci attached to the retina and in the vitreous of patients at different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: The medical charts of 929 eyes of 465 patients who had undergone SD-OCT were reviewed. The number of hyperreflective foci in the vitreous and attached to the retina was determined in the SD-OCT images. Results: Of the 929 eyes, 284 eyes from diabetic patients and 265 eyes from controls met the inclusion criteria. The number of hyperreflective foci ...

Objectives: We sought to explore neointimal healing assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) following implantation of the Magmaris sirolimus-eluting absorbable metal scaffold. Methods: The Magmaris-OCT is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm observational clinical study, intended to enrol 60 consecutive patients with up to 2 de novo native coronary lesions, each located in different major epicardial vessels, with a reference vessel diameter of 2.5-3.5 mm, and a maximum lesion length of 20 mm. Patients will undergo Magmaris scaffold implantation in the target lesion, according to the standard practice. Clinical follow-up will take place at 30 days, and at 3, 6 ...

Purpose: To report 3 cases of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) with choroidal nodules associated with retinal microvascular changes imaged with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: Small case series in 3 NF1 patients. OCTA examinations were performed by a trained examiner (J.J.) after pupillary dilation. A standard scan, centered over the macula measuring 6 × 6 mm and 3 × 3 mm was obtained according to the findings on standard color photography. Additional scans were obtained in the zones with microvascular abnormalities. The segmentation provided by the machine software was used. Results: Corkscrew retinal vessels were observed in association with “placoid ...

OCT angiography is a promising new method to visualize the retinal vasculature and choroidal vascular layers in the macular area and provides depth resolved functional information of the blood flow in the vessels. Given that the main moving elements in the eye fundus are contained in vessels, determining a vascular decorrelation signal enables visualization of 3-dimensional retinal and choroidal vascular network without the administration of intravenous dye and thus reducing the risk of potential adverse events.

Purpose: To compare conventional 30° spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with 55° wide-field SD-OCT for the assessment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: This study included 50 DME patients. Both 55° and 30° SD-OCT was conducted. Two readers evaluated scans according to a standardized grading protocol. Intergrader agreement as well as agreement between 30° and 55° SD-OCT were assessed. Results: Intergrader agreement (κ) was strong and ranged from 0.79 to 1.0. Perfect interdevice agreement (κ = 1.0) was found for the detection of intra- and subretinal fluid. Excellent agreement (κ ≥ 0.9) was found for the presence of epiretinal membrane ...

Purpose: To analyze the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in order to observe the changes in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) after half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods: This is a retrospective study evaluating an imaging technique in a cohort of patients. Fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) (Heidelberg Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany), OCT, and OCTA with the split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography algorithm (XR Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA) were performed prior to half-dose PDT. OCT and OCTA were conducted at week 1, month 1, month 2, and month 3 after half-dose PDT. Results: A total of 33 eyes ...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area measurements using AngioPlex spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography in normal subjects. Methods: Twenty-two healthy subjects (25 eyes) underwent FAZ area measurements with AngioPlex OCT. Each volunteer was separately examined 3 consecutive times by the 2 experienced observers. The FAZ area was measured using ImageJ software. Intraobserver repeatability was evaluated by calculating the coefficient of variation (CoV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Interobserver reproducibility was also assessed using the Bland-Altman test and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Results: The FAZ areas ...

Aims: The aim of this paper was to compare the features of both the classic, darkly pigmented and the atypical, more lightly pigmented optic disc melanocytoma with those of pigmented choroidal lesions. Methods: We analyzed the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of 9 eyes with optic disc melanocytoma and compared them with those of choroidal melanoma and nevus. Results and Conclusion: We identified 2 categories of SD-OCT findings in optic disc melanocytoma: (a) type 1, the typical, prominent, hyperpigmented lesion with SD-OCT findings of a hyperreflective, disorganized overlying retina and a posterior hyporeflective shadow, and (b) the less common ...

Background: The drug-eluting balloon (DEB) is a promising tool to prevent restenosis after coronary angioplasty. However, data on the outcomes of DEB in de novo lesions are scarce. Vessel recoil and constrictive remodeling are the dominant causes of restenosis after angioplasty. The use of cutting balloons (CB) may effectively reduce elastic recoil after balloon dilation. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of DEB in treating de novo coronary artery lesions, using a predilation strategy with cutting balloon (CB) dilation before DEB angioplasty. Methods/Design: We present the design of a prospective, single-center, open-label, randomized, 2-arm clinical trial ...

Iris nevus is common: 6% of patients with suspected iris melanoma have lesions other than melanoma, and 36% of them are nevi. Iris nevus turns into melanoma in approximately 8% of cases at a mean of 15 years. This case report provides the first description of an iris tumor examined with iris optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) compared to iris fluorescein angiography (IFA). A 60-year-old man with a diagnosis of iris nevus in the left eye was referred to our department for IFA and iris OCTA. The iris vasculature in IFA was visible only in the early phases, but not ...

Background: Nail psoriasis is a painful and disfiguring nail disease that often leads to invasive biopsies. Dermoscopy of the hyponychium can be useful in the diagnosis showing twisted coiled vessels. Structural features of nail psoriasis have been described with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Objectives: To investigate vascular features of nail psoriasis using dynamic OCT. Methods: This was an observational, prospective, controlled study in which psoriasis patients with psoriatic nail changes and healthy control patients underwent OCT imaging of the distal nail plate and proximal nail fold. Vertical and horizontal OCT images were analyzed to describe structural and vascular features and ...

Background: The aim of this work was to evaluate the narrow anterior chamber angle (ACA) in Chinese patients by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (As-OCT). Methods: Eighty right eyes of 80 consecutive patients with a shallow peripheral anterior chamber but no peripheral anterior synechia were enrolled in this study. The ACA was observed by noncompression gonioscopy and classified according to the Shaffer grading system. The iridotrabecular contact (ITC) and trabecular-iris angle (T-I angle) were assessed by As-OCT examination. Results: Gonioscopic grade 0 and ITC were observed more frequently in the superior quadrant than the other quadrants (p < 0.02). The ...

Purpose: To reveal vascular signals at the choriocapillaris level in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA). Procedures: We analyzed vascular signals at the choriocapillaris level in 58 CSC and 51 contralateral eyes by OCTA (RTVue XR Avanti with AngioVue; Optovue Inc., Fremont, Calif., USA). Data analysis included age, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), disease duration and serous retinal detachment (SRD) height. Results: Morphologically, abnormal signals at the choriocapillaris level were detected in all CSC eyes (100%), and then classified into three patterns. Age, BCVA, disease duration and SRD height showed no significant correlation with signal patterns ...

Purpose: To demonstrate the detection of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in clinically diagnosed central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA). Methods: Seventy-five eyes of 70 patients were included. OCTA was performed on each patient. Two trained readers evaluated the images independently to confirm the diagnosis and identify CNV at the level of the outer retina. Results: All studied eyes presented characteristics consistent with CSC based on eye examination and traditional imaging technologies, including fundus fluorescein angiography, which showed no evidence of CNV. However, OCTA revealed definite abnormal vascularization at the level of the outer retina in 8 eyes ...

Purpose: To identify locations of hypofluorescent lesions on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using en-face optical coherence tomography (OCT). Procedures: We retrospectively studied 25 consecutive untreated CSC patients, using swept-source OCT and ICGA. En-face swept-source OCT images were automatically segmented and flattened with Bruch's membrane (BrM). We compared the sizes of hyperreflective areas in the 25 CSC and 25 contralateral eyes on en-face images and hypofluorescent areas on ICGA after 30 min. Results: All 25 CSC eyes and 13 contralateral eyes showed abnormal hypofluorescent areas on late-phase ICGA and hyperreflective areas on ...

We report the case of a 69-year-old patient who underwent vitrectomy for vitreomacular traction (VMT) and developed a postoperative macular hole that was observed 1 week after surgery. The hole did not close by in-office fluid-gas exchange alone, but was achieved after repeat surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Intraoperative OCT (iOCT) images from the first surgery revealed an occult macular hole that formed after VMT release. We discuss how iOCT findings provide insight into the role of the ILM in macular hole formation and emphasize the importance of carefully inspecting iOCT images in real time to avoid missing ...

Background: To present an intraoperative acute Descemet’s fold formation using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging. Case Report: A 67-year-old man complaining of reduced visual acuity in the left eye. A 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification cataract surgery was performed to remove the vitreomacular traction. When hydro-sealing was performed, striae rapidly spread in the cornea. SS-OCT B-scan images performed on postoperative day 1 revealed a wavy Descemet’s membrane that might correspond to Descemet’s folds. Pairs of hypo- and hyperreflective narrow lesions running from the wavy Descemet’s membrane to almost half of the thickness of ...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been introduced in dentistry as a nondestructive diagnostic imaging tool that does not utilize ionizing radiation. This study investigated the agreement between polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT), microcomputed tomography (μ-CT), and histology for enamel thickness measurements. Human enamel samples were prepared and evaluated with μ-CT and PS-OCT and then sectioned and observed via digital transversal light microscopy. For all methods, a standard transversal section (b-scan) in each sample was selected, and the enamel thickness was measured at three predetermined positions using ImageJ analysis software. The results revealed significant high agreement between all tested methods, indicating the potential ...