Retinal and choroidal changes in Amd: A systematic review and meta-analysis of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography studies

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technology using the optical reflectivity of tissues capable of detecting quantitative and qualitative biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that cannot be similarly recognized in conventional imaging . We systematically searched PubMed and Embase databases to identify relevant articles to this subject. A fixed-effect or random-effect model was applied for the meta-analysis based on the heterogeneity level. In addition, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, publication bias, and quality assessment were also performed. Twenty-five studies with 1632 cases and 1445 healthy controls in total were included. Our results revealed that, when compared to controls, AMD subjects ...