Purpose To report a case of bilateral contractile peripapillary staphyloma (CPS) examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and video recording. Observation We report the clinical history of a male infant with bilateral CPS. Two ophthalmic examinations under general anesthesia were performed during follow-up examinations. During the first fundus examination when the infant was 4 months old, we observed staphylomatous excavation around the optic disc, an almost normal disc appearance at the bottom of the excavation, and irregular contraction bilaterally. OCT images showed deep excavation around the optic disc bilaterally and hyperreflective tissue beneath the sclera in the right eye. During ...

This paper describes voltage noise and jitter analysis for the depth deviation of a point spread function in a swept source optical coherence tomography system using a KTa1-xNbxO3 deflector. An interference waveform with voltage noise and jitter was simulated according to a previous report. Typical values for the voltage noise ΔVTYP and jitter ΔtTYPwere also obtained from a previous report and experiment. It was determined that the depth deviation is limited by the ΔtTYP of the system. Therefore, the quality of the tomographic image can be efficiently improved by reducing jitter.

In lower limb arteries, assessment of stent apposition and/or the single opening of the diseased artery remains poor since this relies on 2D angiogram. Extrapolating experience gained with coronary arteries, optical coherence tomography (OCT) could provide 3D reconstructions of the arterial wall and the stent implanted. A modified protocol of OCT acquisition, which usually includes large amount of iodine contrast flush, is presented here in 3 patients with long and complex occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (SFA). Its potential benefits and wider application to improve patient outcomes are discussed.

Objective This study aims to assess the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for periocular skin lesions and to determine which characteristic features of these images can be correlated to histopathology . Design This is an ongoing prospective study with Research Ethics Board approval. Participants Fifty patients over 18 years old with lesions clinically suspicious of nonmelanoma skin cancer on the periocular region were included in this study. Methods After consent was obtained, clinical photographs and dermatoscopic images were obtained (DermLite II Hybrid M) from the lesion and its contralateral side. Subsequently, the patient was subjected to OCT imaging using ...

Cocaine is a well-known factor of tissue ischemia and may be related to thinning of the inner retinal layers. The present study aimed to evaluate and determine whether cocaine users show retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning by means of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A group of 17 cocaine users and 18 non-users were recruited for complete ophthalmologic examination. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Cirrus OCT) was used to evaluate peripapillary RNFL and macular thickness. The average RNFL measurement in the cocaine users group was significantly thinner compared to the control group. Subjects in the cocaine users group showed significant ...

Introduction The goal of this study was to measure by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with EDI the choroidal thickness in healthy subjects and to compare these parameters with those of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods Data were obtained from 60 healthy patients without history or family history of retinal or choroidal disease or glaucoma . A case-control study was also conducted on 40 eyes of 20 patients with RP and 40 eyes of 20 healthy refraction- and age-matched controls, selected from among the 60 healthy patients. OCT was used with the EDI protocol. The primary outcome measure was ...

Background The prevalence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in mechanically ventilated burn patients is 33%, with mortality varying from 11–46% depending on ARDS severity. Despite the new Berlin definition for ARDS, prompt bedside diagnosis is lacking. We developed and tested a bedside technique of fiberoptic-bronchoscopy-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement of airway mucosal thickness (MT) for diagnosis of ARDS following smoke inhalation injury (SII) and burns. Methods 16 female Yorkshire pigs received SII and 40% thermal burns. OCT MT and PaO 2 -to-FiO 2 ratio (PFR) measurements were taken at baseline, after injury, and at 24, 48, and ...

Purpose Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new non-invasive imaging technique that does not require the use of contrast agents and that allows the visualization of the retinal microvasculature in a layer-by-layer manner without bright light. This merit allows us to obtain the fundus image in children. Retinal vessels are typically absent from the center of the fovea , an area known as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). The purpose of the present case study was to evaluate the FAZ in a nanophthalmic pediatric patient with OCTA. Obsevations A 6-year-old girl was referred to the Hiroshima University Hospital because of ...

Acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis is frequently the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to discuss the value of color vision testing to detect possible optic nerve involvement in patients with MS who had no history of optic neuritis. We evaluated color vision with Farnsworth-Munsell 100 (FM-100) hue test. Total error scores (TES), partial error scores for the red-green axis (RGS) and blue-yellow axis (BYS) were calculated. Topographic optic disc parameters (RNFL, RA, DA, CV, RV, and vertical C/D ratio), total macular volume (TMV), central macular thickness (CMT), and retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) were determined using ...

Purpose To compare the detection and rates of progressive retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) loss with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and visual field (VF) loss using Guided Progression Analysis (GPA, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) in glaucomatous eyes classified using International Classification of Disease diagnosis codes (ICD). Design Retrospective cohort study. Participants Glaucoma patients with at least 3 years of follow-up and a minimum of 4 SDOCT and 5 reliable VF exams. Methods Glaucoma severity was classified using ICD-10- diagnosis codes. Rates of RNFL, macular GCIPL and VF loss were calculated ...

The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled “Correlation of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography with Histology and Electron Microscopy in the Porcine Retina” (Xie et al., 2018) [2]. This research data highlights our technique for retinal fundus image acquisition during spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in a large animal model. Low and high magnification electron micrographs are included to demonstrate the ultrastructural features of the porcine retina. Data on horizontal tissue shrinkage during processing of the porcine retina are presented.

Images in Intervention

Images in Intervention

Purpose Lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF) are a well-accepted clinical sign in dry eye diagnosis. Commonly, LIPCOF is classified by grading the number of folds observed by slit-lamp microscope. This study investigated the relationship between subjective grading scale and LIPCOF morphology imaged by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods Temporal and nasal LIPCOF of 42 subjects (mean age 27.3 ± 8.4 (SD) years; 13 M, 29 F) were observed and classified by an experienced optometrist using the Pult LIPCOF grading scale (0: no permanent, lid-parallel conjunctival fold; 1: one fold; 2: two folds, 3: three or more folds). Additionally, LIPCOF cross-sectional ...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive optical imaging modality that has been widely used in the field of medical diagnosis. However, OCT images are often degraded by speckle noise. To address this problem, this paper proposes a two-stage feature-oriented singular value shrinkage algorithm in a low-rank approximation framework, for speckle noise reduction and contrast enhancement of intra-retinal layers of OCT images. First, a weighted absolute distance is employed to find nonlocal similar patches that exhibit high correlation to a given reference one. Next, the singular values of the group matrix formed by similar patches are shrunk by mixed thresholding ...

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with axonal degeneration as major determinant of neurological disability. Assessment of unmyelinated retinal nerve fibers using optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be useful for diagnosing the onset and rate of progression of neurodegeneration. Objective To assess the incidence and severity of damage of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in two different MS subtypes: non-progressive [Prog(-)MS] and progressive [Prog(+)MS]. Methods 48 patients (96 eyes) with MS were included: 13 males, 35 females; aged 22-62 years (mean 38.8; SD ±10 ...

Myocardial infarction contributes to most fatalities in which atherosclerotic plaque disruption is the underlying pathology. From the mechanics view point, the pulsatile blood flow in the arteries resembles a fatigue environment and generates stresses that affect the rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque. In this context, patient-specific optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to develop the fatigue crack growth behavior. The impact of location specific morphological features and their relative effect on plaque life were discussed. EXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) and Paris’ Law were employed to investigate the fatigue crack growth. Twelve 2D slices from six patients were reconstructed for ...

A novel fouling marine flow cell was designed and fitted with a clear plastic lid to allow real-time imaging of biofilms using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Marine biofilms were grown under controlled shear flow on coupons coated with 6 different biocidal antifouling coatings (SPC1, SPC2, SPC3, SPC4, CDP1 and CDP2, AkzoNobel) and one inert coating which contained no biocidal actives (NB-D) for 8 weeks. One set of coupons coated with NB was statically immersed in sea water during the same time period (NB-S). Biofilm removal was assessed by increasing the flow velocity while OCT simultaneously measured the biofilm cross-sectional area ...

Several ultrasonic and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) pachymeters are used to measure corneal thickness in canine patients and research subjects. This study assessed the reliability of and consistency between two ultrasonic pachymetry (USP) devices, Pachette 3 and Accupach VI, as well as automated and manual measurements obtained using FD-OCT in dogs with and without corneal disease. Corneal thickness measurements were compiled from 108 dogs and analyzed using mixed effects linear regression, with Bonferonni adjustments for post-hoc comparisons, to determine the effects of age, weight and disease state. Data are presented as predicted mean ± standard error. Canine corneal disease can ...

Background Tendon xanthomas are accumulations of collagen and macrophages which contain cholesterol esters and a marker of high risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). Objective To clarify whether the presence of Achilles tendon thickening (ATT) was associated with disease severity and plaque vulnerability in patients with CAD. Methods A total of 241 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and ATT assessment were analyzed. ATT was defined as Achilles tendon thickness of 9 mm or more on radiograph. The severity of CAD and plaque vulnerability were assessed by the findings on angiogram and optical coherence tomography, respectively. Results ATT was ...

Accurate depth assessment of burn wounds is a critical task to provide the right treatment and care. Currently, laser Doppler imaging is able to provide better accuracy compared to the standard clinical evaluation. However, its clinical applicability is limited by factors like scanning distance, time, and cost. Precise diagnosis of burns requires adequate structural and functional details. In this work, we evaluated the combined potential of two non-invasive optical modalities, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Raman spectroscopy (RS), to identify degrees of burn wounds (superficial partial-thickness (SPT), deep partial-thickness (DPT), and full-thickness (FT)). OCT provides morphological information, whereas, RS provides ...

Purpose To evaluate the early retinal and choroidal effects of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods Patients diagnosed as having PCV were included in the study. In group 1, intravitreal ranibizumab and PDT was applied to six eyes. In group 2, PDT treatment only was applied to four eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography images and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were taken from all patients before treatment and 3 days after surgery. Results The mean age of the patients was 66.00 ± 6.28 years. In group 1 ...

Objective To evaluate the optic disc microvasculature in optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) vasculature in comparison to acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and normal eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods Ten eyes with ONHD, 10 eyes with acute NAION, and 10 healthy eyes were included in this prospective, comparative, observational case series. OCT-A imaging was performed on the optic discs. Qualitative grading was performed for dilation and tortuosity of the peripapillary vessels by 3 graders. Quantitative comparison was performed for peripapillary and inside disc vessel densities in nerve head (NH) and retinal peripapillary capillary (RPC) slabs ...