Purpose To evaluate the effects of air bubbles on clear corneal incision (CCI) in patients who had phacoemulsification surgery, and to compare this type of CCI architecture with patients who had no air bubbles after phacoemulsification surgery, using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods Eyes which had undergone uneventful phacoemulsification cataract surgery with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) were equally randomized into two groups. Group 1 comprised patients with anterior chamber air bubble injection after phacoemulsification, and Group 2 comprised patients who had undergone phacoemulsification surgery without anterior chamber air bubble. Postoperative evaluation included AS-OCT (Heidelberg ...

Purpose Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) platforms provide non-invasive and quantifiable evaluations of anterior chamber angle (ACA) anatomy. Even though these ACA measurements have been validated with high repeatability and reproducibility, we are the first study to describe in detail the technique errors and artifacts that may occur during imaging of the ACA. The purpose of this study was to define the different types and quantify the frequency of imaging technique errors and artifacts that are seen in ACA evaluation of a large cohort of patients with open-angle glaucoma. Design Retrospective cross-sectional design. Subjects Five thousand and eighty-two eyes ...

Purpose To examine the utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for studying eyes with advanced glaucoma [i.e., eyes with a 24-2 visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) worse than -15 dB], we tested the hypothesis that if these eyes had a 10-2 total deviation (TD) map with points better than -8 dB, then the topographically corresponding regions on the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) should show a preserved region. Design Evaluation of technology study Participants 39 eyes from 33 patients (mean: 68.8 ± 9.2 years) with a diagnosis of glaucoma had a 24-2 VF with a MD ...

Objective The purpose of this study was to detect and investigate the association of enamel microcracks with demineralization at proximal contact areas of premolars, using 3D swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods Extracted maxillary and mandibular premolars (n = 50 each), without any visible tooth cracks, were examined for demineralization of interproximal contact areas, using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). SS-OCT was used to evaluate demineralization and detect microcracks. Demineralization progression was divided into 4 types by depth: 0 for sound enamel and Type I, II, and III for enamel demineralization penetrating into the outer third, the middle ...

There is growing interest in noninvasive 3D parallel image acquisition with micro-scale resolution to understandthe inherent of biophysical processes,such as the flow cytometry [1].Over the past few decades,optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been proved to be an attractive and effective tool for this purpose [2]. Unfortunately, conventional OCT techniques that limited to, the scanning mode of sample volumes are often too slow.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) has the capability of generating optical sectioning images at high depth resolution in vivo, which is helpful for the diagnosis of various disease. But when the voluntary and involuntary movement of the sample occurs during the acquisition time, the real structure of the sample will be distorted. So it is valuable to compensate the motion artifacts in SDOCT imaging to obtain high quality images. We demonstrated a self-reference method of detecting and compensating the axial motion artifacts in which the axial motion is first detected by comparing the topology of different layers in tissue ...

Purpose To report spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of presumed Cryptococcus neoformans infection limited to the retina . Methods We report a 39-year-old male with decreased vision for 3 months. Clinical examination revealed multiple cream-colored retinal lesions in the posterior pole of both eyes. SD-OCT demonstrated multiple areas of discrete, hyperreflective deposits in the inner retina, outer retina, and subretinal space without evidence of choroidal involvement. Fundus autofluorescence demonstrated areas of hyperautofluorescence of lesions with variable areas of hypoautofluorescence. Results Subsequent laboratory workup revealed systemic Cryptococcus neoformans infection. After 3 months of systemic antifungal treatment and follow-up, there was clinical ...

Purpose To determine the possible correlation between the annual enlargement rates (ERs) of geographic atrophy (GA) with the percentage and size of the choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficits (FDs) surrounding GA, measured with swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) images. Design Prospective, observational case series. Participants Patients with GA secondary to non-exudative AMD. Methods Patients were imaged with a 100-kHz SS-OCTA instrument (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec) using a 6x6 mm field of view scan pattern. GA area measurements were obtained from en face SS-OCT sub-RPE slab images. Visualization of the CC and quantification of FDs were performed using ...

Purpose To evaluate the multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in patients with posterior microphthalmos (PM). Methods In an observational case series, four eyes of two patients, eight and twenty-three years old, with clinical proven PM underwent complete ophthalmic examination, including refraction, fluorescein angiography , optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCTA, B-scan ultrasonography , axial length measurement using IOL Master optical measuring, and Pentacam evaluation. Results Both patients were high hyperopic with partial thickness retinal fold in macula , retinoschisis , and foveal hypoplasia . Axial length was less than 17 mm with scleral thickening in all eyes. OCTA showed absence of foveal ...

Fouling formation in membrane distillation limits process stability and could cause besides wetting a rapid flux decrease making the process inefficient. Process performance is conventionally assessed by flux monitoring. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) enables in-situ visualization and quantification of fouling layers dominated by scaling in a fully operated direct contact membrane distillation system (DCMD). This study presents an innovative methodology for 3D dataset analysis allowing for the detection and quantification of predominant scaling on the membrane surface. Defined fouling parameters permit a correlation between process performance indicators, especially flux decrease and quantified fouling layer coverage. Additionally, structural information about the ...

The evolution of the cake during dead-end microfiltration of different compositions of bidisperse feeds was investigated using network modeling and three-dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. The foulant particles were latex of two different sizes (namely, 3 and 5 μm) and the membrane was polycarbonate track-etched with nominal diameter of 2 μm. The results from the network model indicate that (i) the deposition of the smaller particles on the non-porous area was reduced by the presence of larger particles, whereas that of the larger particles was not affected by the concentration of the smaller ones; and (ii) monodisperse small ...

Background Two leading hypotheses for restless legs syndrome (RLS) pathophysiology are dopaminergic dysfunction and sympathetic overactivity. Ocular changes occur with both dopaminergic and sympathetic pathologies, and thus may provide unique insights into the pathophysiology of RLS. Methods Thirty-five patients with RLS and 35 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macular, and choroidal thicknesses were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding RNFL and macular thicknesses. The subfoveal, temporal and nasal choroidal thicknesses were significantly thinner in patients with RLS compared with normal ...

Purpose To analyze the choroidal thickness (CT) of each type of myopic maculopathy, and to establish an OCT-based classification of myopic maculopathy. Design Retrospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional study. Participants Highly myopic (HM) eyes that were examined by swept-source OCT. Methods The CT was measured at the subfovea and at 3 mm nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior to the fovea. Myopic maculopathy was classified as tessellation, diffuse atrophy, patchy atrophy, and macular atrophy (MA) based on the fundus photographs. Diffuse atrophy was subdivided into peripapillary diffuse choroidal atrophy (PDCA) or macular diffuse choroidal atrophy (MDCA). Main Outcome Measures The CT of each ...

Background Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized with recurrent seizures. Progressive neuronal degeneration is a common consequence of long-term and/or recurrent seizure activity in epilepsy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new medical imaging technique that displays biological tissue layers as high-resolution tomographic sections. The aim of our study was to evaluate OCT findings in patients with epilepsy and to compare OCT findings in terms of disease duration , presence of status, seizure frequency, and drug use. Methods Forty-three patients who had epilepsy according to the Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in ...

Objective The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to display calculus on root surfaces. Material and methods Ten teeth with calculus on the root surface were embedded in resin, omitting the root surface. A region of interest (ROI) was marked by small drill holes coronally and apically of the calculus and imaged by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography ([SD OCT], Telesto SP5, centre wavelength 1310 nm) and light microscopy (LM). To evaluate the impact of different fluids on calculus visualisation, using OCT, root surfaces were covered by a layer of NaCl ...

Purpose To investigate indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), fluorescein angiography (FA), and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography measured choroidal thickness (EDI-OCT-CT) in the follow-up of inflammatory activity in stromal choroiditis [Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) and birdshot retinochoroiditis (BRC)] under treatment in order to monitor tapering of therapy or readjustment of therapy in case of subclinical disease recurrence . Methods Patients with initial onset disease and/or treatment-naive stromal choroiditis (VKH & BRC) at entry, quiet under therapy, and having had a follow-up of at least four years monitored with dual FA and ICGA and EDI-OCT-CT measurements were analyzed retrospectively. ICGA and FA scores ...

Dry eye is a complex multifactorial disease of the ocular surface and tears. It is associated with ocular surface symptoms and is one of the most common causes for ophthalmologic consultation. Despite their frequent use in clinical practice, the usual tests to evaluate dry eye and ocular surface disease–history of symptoms, tear break-up time (TBUT), Meibomian gland evaluation, corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer test–have shown low reproducibility and reliability. In addition, subjective symptoms are often weakly or poorly correlated with objective signs. Since the tear film is the first system through which light must pass, the optical quality of ...

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in applying convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to low-level vision tasks such as denoising and super-resolution. Due to the coherent nature of the image formation process, the optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are inevitably affected by noise. This paper proposes a new method named the multi-input fully-convolutional networks (MIFCN) for denoising of OCT images. In contrast to recently proposed natural image denoising CNNs, the proposed architecture allows the exploitation of high degrees of correlation and complementary information among neighboring OCT images through pixel by pixel fusion of multiple FCNs. The parameters of ...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can achieve the high-resolution 3D tomography imaging of the retina, which is crucial for the diagnosis of retinal diseases. Currently, the classification of retinal OCT images is mainly conducted by ophthalmologists, which is time consuming and subjective. In this paper, we propose an iterative fusion convolutional neural network (IFCNN) method for the automatic classification of retinal OCT image. In the convolutional neural network (CNN), different convolutional layers contain feature information from different scales. Therefore, the proposed network adopts an iterative fusion strategy, which iteratively combines features in current convolutional layer with those of all previous layers ...

Objective Prove the effectiveness and safety of multi-electrode ablation catheter in renal denervation (RDN) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods 16 renal arteries were enrolled from 8 pigs. Angiography and OCT were used to obtain the morphology changes before RDN and 1-month follow-up. Blood pressure and creatinine were tested to prove the effectiveness and safety of the catheter. Results 1 renal artery was excluded because of the small diameter. 15 renal arteries were successfully preformed renal denervation and OCT. Mean blood pressure was significantly reduced 1 month after RDN (122.40±3.54mmHg vs 106.50±2.06mmHg, n=8 ...

Letter to the Editor

Purpose To assess the correlation between the morphological features and serology in eyes with macular colobomata (MC). Design Retrospective comparative case series Methods Setting: Institutional Study population Patients presenting with MC to the retina clinic over a period of two years (January 2016 to December 2017) Interventional/Observational procedure: Color fundus and swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT, Topcon Inc.) features were reviewed and assessed in three groups based on the serum IgG results: positive for Toxoplasma, positive for Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and serology negative. Main outcome measure Morphological features on clinical and OCT-based examination Results A total of 49 eyes ...

Background Double kissing (DK) crush stenting has been reported as a superior bifurcation stenting strategy compared to culotte stenting. However, the mechanism associated with the reduction of clinical events by DK crush stenting remains unclear. We therefore investigated the thrombogenicity of DK crush stenting and culotte stenting with both bare-metal stents (BMS) and drug-eluting stents (DES) and the feasibility of a novel porcine arteriovenous shunt model. Methods High-resolution intracoronary imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) evaluated the bifurcation stenting models for thrombogenicity. Results All porcine models retained continuous circulation without blood leakage. Thrombus was macroscopically demonstrated around the bifurcation in ...

Purpose To compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) image quality gradings performed by readers of varying retinal expertise levels in different retinal diseases. Methods Central 3 × 3 mm 2 OCT-A images (AngioVue, Optovue) of 57 healthy controls (50.9 ± 22.4 years) and 148 patients (66.5 ± 14.1 years) affected by various chorioretinal diseases were retrospectively analyzed including early age-related macular degeneration (AMD, n = 26), neovascular AMD (nAMD, n = 22), and geographic atrophy due to AMD (GA, n = 6), glaucoma (n = 28), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC, n = 14), epiretinal membrane (EM, n = 26), retinitis pigmentosa (RP, n = 16), and ...