Articles from iovs.org

1. Tracking Longitudinal Retinal Changes in Experimental Ocular Hypertension Using the cSLO and Spectral Domain-OCT

   Explore Article iovs.org (Aug 5 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose: Involvement of the outer retina is controversial in glaucoma. The aim of this study was to test firstly, whether the outer retina is affected in experimental ocular hypertension (OHT), and secondly, whether whole retinal thickness can be used as a surrogate marker of glaucomatous change. Methods: OHT was surgically induced in 20 DA-rats. Animals were imaged using a modified OCT-Spectralis at baseline, 3 and 8 weeks after OHT induction. Measurements were recorded for whole and individual retinal layer thickness in four regions around the optic nerve head; temporal, superior, nasal, and inferior. Results: Whole retinal thickness (WHOLE) in normal ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   Heidelberg Engineering   University College London   Heidelberg Spectralis

2. Optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence findings in areas with geographic atrophy due to age-related macular degeneration

   Explore Article iovs.org (Aug 5 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose: To analyze outer retinal changes within the atrophic lesion in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Methods: Twenty-one simultaneously obtained fundus autofluorescence (FAF, excitation:488 nm; emission:500-700 nm) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans (Spectralis HRA+OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) of 21 GA patients (mean age 75.1±7.4 years) were included and separately exported. Two readers independently graded the following parameters: Width of the atrophic lesion on the FAF image at the site where the SD-OCT scan had been placed. On the SD-OCT image, widths of the linear disruption of the outer nuclear layer, the external limiting ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   Frank G. Holz   Heidelberg Spectralis

3. High-Resolution Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography of Choroidal Neovascular Membranes Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jul 22 2010) Ophthalmology

   High-resolution Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (Fd-OCT) provided visualization of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) and associated morphologic changes in the retina in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The growth pattern and size of CNVM was determined with Fd-OCT and correlated better with findings on fluorescein angiography in eyes with classic lesions. (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   John S. Werner   UC Davis   Robert J. Zawadzki

4. Macular Thickness Variations with Sex, Age, and Axial Length in Healthy Subjects: A Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography Study

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jul 22 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose. To assess the relationship between macular retinal thickness and volume and age, sex, and refractive error/axial length with spectral domain–optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods. One randomly selected eye of 198 consecutive ophthalmically normal subjects (104 men, 94 women) between July 2008 and January 2009, with corrected visual acuities better than 20/30 were included in this cross-sectional study. Complete ophthalmic examination, axial length measurement with a laser interferometer, and macular cube 512 x 128 scan by SD-OCT were performed. Results. The mean age was 55.6 ± 16.4 years (range, 17–83), average refractive error was –2.17 ± 4.82 (range, –23.50–3.75), and ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   Yonsei University   Chan Yun Kim

5. Tracking Progression with Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Geographic Atrophy Caused by Age-Related Macular Degeneration

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jul 22 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose. To investigate, with the use of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), microstructural alterations over time in eyes with progressive geographic atrophy (GA) due to age-related macular degeneration. Methods. Forty-six eyes of 26 patients (median age, 77.9 years [interquartile range (IQR), 71.8–81.0]) with GA without evidence of active or previous neovascular disease at baseline were examined by simultaneous confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO) and SD-OCT. Serial examinations with alignment of follow-up to baseline scans were performed over a median period of 12.2 months (IQR, 10.2–15.3). Longitudinal SD-OCT variations were evaluated, including quantification of retinal thickness (RT) change and lateral spread ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   University of Oxford   Frank G. Holz   Ludwig Maximilians Universität München

6. Relationship between Visual Field Sensitivity and Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness as Measured by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (RTVue-100 SD OCT)

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jul 16 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose: To evaluate the strength and pattern of relationship between visual field (VF) mean sensitivity (MS) assessed by standard automated perimetry (SAP) and macular ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCT) measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT, RTVue-100). Methods: Ninety-seven glaucoma patients were enrolled. GCCT obtained by Ganglion Cell Complex (GCC) scanning and two peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) measurements using the NHM4 (RNFL1) and RNFL 3.45 (RNFL2) modes, were obtained. MS was recorded on the dB and 1/L scales. Relationship between function (MS) and structure (GCC, pRNFLT) were sought. Results: The association of MS (dB) with GCC ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   University of Ulsan   Michael S. Kook   Optovue

7. Structure-Function Relationships in Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes Determined by Time Domain and Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jul 1 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose: To compare relationships between retinal mean sensitivity (MS) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness as measured by time domain (TD) and spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: Recruited subjects were divided into normal, glaucoma suspect, and glaucoma groups. RNFL thickness was measured using TD OCT (Stratus OCT) and SD OCT (Cirrus HD-OCT), and MS was assessed using the Humphrey visual field analyzer and expressed in units of dB and 1/L. The relationship between SUPERIOR MS and INFERIOR RNFL thickness (clock-hour segments 5, 6, 7, 8) and that between INFERIOR MS and SUPERIOR RNFL thickness (clock-hour segments ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   Seoul National University   Zeiss Stratus OCT

8. Reproducibility of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Optic Nerve Head Parameters Measured with Cirrus HD-OCT in Glaucomatous Eyes

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 27 2010) Ophthalmology

   PURPOSE. To assess the reproducibility of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters measured with CirrusTM HD-OCT in glaucomatous eyes. METHODS: Fifty-five glaucomatous eyes were included in the study. The optic disc cube 200x200 protocol was used to obtain three scans during the same visit to evaluate the intravisit reproducibility. One scan on four additional days within a two-month period of the first session was obtained to assess intervisit reproducibility. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (COV) and test-retest standard deviation (TRT SD) were calculated for each RNFL and ONH parameter. The formula ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   Carl Zeiss Meditec   University of Miami   Donald L. Budenz

9. Progressive Loss of Cones in Achromatopsia. An Imaging Study using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

   Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 27 2010) Ophthalmology

   Purpose: Achromatopsia (ACHM) is a congenital autosomal recessive cone disorder with a presumed stationary nature and only a few causative genes. Animal studies suggest that ACHM may be a good candidate for corrective gene therapy. Future implementation of this therapy in humans requires the presence of viable cone cells in the retina. We investigated the presence of cone cells in ACHM as a function of age. Methods: We evaluated the appearance and thickness of all retinal layers in 40 ACHM patients (age range 4-70 years) with known mutations in the CNGB3, CNGA3 and PDE6C genes using spectralis domain optical coherence ... (Read Full Article)
   

   Comment on Article Mentions:   Heidelberg Spectralis   Thoraxcenter at Erasmus University Medical Center

10. Small dense particles within the neurosensory retinal layers observable by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Age-related macular Degeneration

    Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 27 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To observe detailed changes of neurosensory retinal structure after Anti VEGF upload in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Material and methods: The retinal structure was observed in 61 patients using the Spectralis-OCT (Heidelberg engineering, Germany) before and one months after third Ranibizumab injection (upload phase). The main focus of attention was subjectively laid on the amount and behaviour of the numerous small dense particles (SDP) frequently observable within the outer and inner neurosensory layers in eyes suffering from neovascular AMD. For statistical analysis the Spearmans Rho correlations were used (SPSS for Windows 16.0). ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Sebastian Wolf   University of Bern   Heidelberg Spectralis

11. Reproducibility of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Total Retinal Thickness Measurements in Mice

    Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 27 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To test the reproducibility of total retinal thickness (TRT) measurements in mice using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: C57Bl/6 mice were anesthetized and three repeated volumetric images were acquired in both eyes with SD-OCT (250x250x1024 samplings, centered on the optic nerve head (ONH); Bioptigen, Inc, Durham, NC). Mice were repositioned in between each scan. TRT was automatically measured within a sampling band of retinal thickness with radii of 55-70 pixels, centered on the ONH, using custom segmentation software. The first volumetric image acquired in a given eye was used to register the remaining two SD-OCT images by manually ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   University of Pittsburgh   Joel S. Schuman   Larry Kagemann

12. Automated Segmentation of Neural Canal Opening and Optic Cup in 3-D Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography Volumes of the Optic Nerve Head

    Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 20 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To develop an automated approach for segmenting the neural canal opening (NCO) and cup at the level of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/Bruch's membrane (BM) complex in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) volumes. To investigate the correspondence and discrepancy of the NCO-based metrics and clinical disc margin on fundus photographs in glaucoma subjects. Methods: SD-OCT scans (CirrusTM HD-OCT) and corresponding stereo fundus photographs (Nidek 3Dx) of the optic nerve head (ONH) are obtained from 68 eyes of 34 patients with glaucoma or glaucoma suspicion. Manual planimetry is performed by three glaucoma experts to delineate a reference standard (RS) for cup ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Carl Zeiss Meditec   Michael D. Abramoff   Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT

13. Retinal Structure of Birds of Prey Revealed by Ultra-High Resolution Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

    Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 20 2010) Ophthalmology

    PURPOSE. To reveal three-dimensional (3D) information about the retinal structures of birds of prey in vivo METHODS. An ultra-high resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) system was built for in vivo imaging of bird of prey retina. The calibrated imaging depth and axial resolution of the system were 3.1 mm and 2.8 µm (in tissue), respectively. 3D segmentation was performed for calculation of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) map. RESULTS. High resolution OCT images of the retinas of four species of birds of prey: two diurnal hawks (Buteo platypterus and Buteo brachyurus) and two nocturnal owls (Bubo virginianus and ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Marco B. Ruggeri   Shuliang Jiao   Carmen A. Puliafito

14. Optical Coherence Tomography may be used to predict Visual Acuity in patients with Macular Oedema

    Explore Article iovs.org (Jun 13 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To determine whether the volume of retinal tissue passing between the inner and outer retina in macular oedema could be used as an indicator of visual acuity. Methods: Diabetic and uveitic patients with cystoid macular oedema (81 subjects, 129 eyes) were recruited. Best corrected LogMAR visual acuity and spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT/SLO OTI, Toronto) were performed for all patients. Coronal OCT scans obtained from a cross-section of the retina between the plexiform layers were analyzed using a grid of 5 concentric radii (500µ, 1000µ, 1500µ, 2000µ, 2500µ centred on the fovea). The images were analyzed to determine the ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   OTI Ophthalmic Technologies Inc.   Ophthalmic Technologies Spectral OCT/SLO

15. Three-Dimensional Imaging of Macular Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Glaucoma Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

    Explore Article iovs.org (May 13 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To investigate the three-dimensional (3D), spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (3D,SD-OCT) imaging of the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in eyes with glaucoma. Methods: We studied 38 eyes of 38 patients with glaucoma and 38 normal eyes of 38 volunteers. Using a 3D raster scan protocol, 512 x 128 axial scans were acquired over a 6 mm x 6 mm square area of the macula using SD-OCT. Findings on 3D,SD-OCT images were compared with those on color and red-free fundus photographs and time-domain (TD) OCT. Results: Fourteen (30.4%) more RNFL defects were detected on 3D,SD-OCT images than on ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Masanori Hangai   Nagahisa Yoshimura   Atsushi Sakamoto

16. Three-dimensional 1060nm OCT: Choroidal thickness maps in normals and improved posterior segment visualization in cataract patients

    Explore Article iovs.org (May 6 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose. To evaluate the performance and potential clinical role of 3D-1060nm-OCT by generating choroidal thickness (ChT) maps in patients of different age, ametropia and axial lengths and to investigate the effect of cataract grade on OCT retinal imaging quality. Methods. Axial lengths (AL) and 45° fundus photographs were acquired from 64 eyes (34 healthy subjects, 19-80 years, ametropia +3 to -10D). 3D-1060nm-OCT was performed over 36°x36° field of view with ~7µm axial resolution and up to 70 frames/second (512 A-scans/frame). ChT-maps between retinal pigment epithelium and the choroidal/scleral-interface, were generated and statistically analyzed. A further thirty eyes (19 subjects) with ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Wolfgang Drexler   Cardiff University   Medical University of Vienna

17. Influence of OCT Signal Strength on Macular, Optic Nerve Head and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Parameters

    Explore Article iovs.org (May 6 2010) Ophthalmology

    PURPOSE: To examine the influence of different signal strength on measurements made using optical coherence tomography (OCT) on macular, optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters. METHODS: 2092 children mostly aged 12 years were examined during 2003-5 and macular, optic nerve head and RNFL parameters were measured using Stratus OCT (Carl Zeiss, Dublin, CA). Multiple 'fast' scans were acquired and only right eyes were included in analyses. Signal strength category was determined after averaging individual signal strengths from each scan and classifying scans into 'moderate' (average signal strength between 5 and 7.49), 'good' (average signal strength between ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Paul Mitchell   University of Sydney   Zeiss Stratus OCT

18. Structure-function Relationship and Diagnostic Value of Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Measurement using Fourier-domain OCT in Glaucoma

    Explore Article iovs.org (May 3 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To assess the relationship between visual function and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness measured by RTVue-100 (Optovue Inc, Fremont, CA) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of GCC thickness for detecting early, moderate, and severe glaucoma. Methods: Participants underwent reliable standard automated perimetry testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging with optic nerve head (ONH) mode and GCC mode within a single day. The relationship between structure and function was evaluated by comparing GCC thickness with MD and visual field index (VFI) by regression analysis; results were compared with those obtained for retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Yonsei University   Chan Yun Kim   Optovue

19. Reproducibility of Macular Thickness Measurements Using Cirrus Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

    Explore Article iovs.org (May 3 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: to assess test-retest variability of central and sectorial macular thickness measurements obtained by Cirrus HD-OCT in neovascular age related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods: Macular thickness measurements of 9 standard ETDRS subfields were obtained and analyzed. To assess the repeatability of macular thickness of Cirrus HD-OCT, the intrasession within subject standard deviation (Sw), coefficient of repeatibility (CR), coefficient of variation (CV) were assessed before and after excluding eyes with retinal segmentation errors. Results: A total of 49 nAMD eyes of 49 consecutive patients were included in the study. The CR for the central macular subfield was 42.4 µm (10.5%) and ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Carl Zeiss Meditec   Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT   University of Udine

20. Swelling of the Human Cornea Revealed by High Speed, Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography

    Explore Article iovs.org (May 3 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose: To evaluate the change in thickness of the anterior, stromal and posterior corneal laminae in response to hypoxia induced corneal swelling using ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT). Methods: An UHR-OCT system, operating in the 1060nm range, was used to acquire in vivo cross-sectional images of human cornea with 3.2µm x 10µm (axial x lateral) resolution in corneal tissue. Corneal edema was induced by inserting a thick, positive powered soft contact lens over which the eye was closed and patched for 3 hours. Tomograms were acquired from 8 non-contact lens wearers. Baseline images were obtained prior to inducing corneal ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   University of Waterloo   Kostadinka K. Bizheva   Luigina Sorbara

21. Comparison of Retinal Thickness in Normal Eyes Using Stratus and Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography

    Explore Article iovs.org (Apr 29 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is an advancement over time-domain OCT (TD-OCT) in the imaging of retinal disorders. Retinal thickness measured by SD-OCT differs from that measured by TD-OCT because the delineation of the outer boundary of the retina differs in the two instruments. The present study aims to evaluate this difference by comparing macular thickness, as obtained by Stratus and Spectralis OCT, in subjects without any known retinal disease. Methods. Thirty-six subjects with no history of retinal disease and with normal vision and normal intraocular pressure were enrolled in the study. Both Stratus and Spectralis OCT scanning were ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Zeiss Stratus OCT   Heidelberg Spectralis   Heidelberg Engineering

22. Optimizing Hand-held Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging for Neonates, Infants, and Children

    Explore Article iovs.org (Apr 29 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose. To describe age-related considerations and methods to improve hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography (HH-SD OCT) imaging of eyes of neonates, infants, and children. Methods. Based on calculated optical parameters for neonatal and infant eyes, individualized SD OCT scan parameters were developed for improved imaging in pediatric eyes. Forty-two subjects from 31 weeks postmenstrual age to 1.5 years were imaged with a portable HH-SD OCT system. Images were analyzed for quality, field of scan, magnification, and potential clinical utility. Results. The axial length of the premature infant eye increases rapidly in a linear pattern during the neonatal period and ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Joseph A. Izatt   Duke University   Sharon F. Freedman

23. Interrelationship of Optical Coherence Tomography and Multifocal Visual-Evoked Potentials after Optic Neuritis

    Explore Article iovs.org (Apr 29 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose. Acute optic neuritis (ON) is often followed by recovery of visual function. Although this recovery is mainly attributable to resolution of the acute inflammation, the redistribution of ion channels along the demyelinated membrane, and subsequent remyelination, part of it may be the result of neural plasticity. In the present study, the interrelationship was examined between structural (retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL] thickness) and functional (amplitude of multifocal visual evoked potentials [mfVEPs]) measures of the integrity of the visual pathway in the postacute stage of ON, to determine whether there was any evidence of ongoing neural reorganization. Methods. Twenty-five subjects ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   University of Sydney

24. Quantitative Comparison of Drusen Segmented on SD OCT versus Drusen Delineated on Color Fundus Photographs

    Explore Article iovs.org (Apr 15 2010) Ophthalmology

    Purpose. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) may be useful for efficient measurement of drusen in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We evaluated areas identified as drusen from semi-automated segmentation of drusen on SD OCT versus those identified from review of digital color fundus photographs (CFP). Methods. Twelve eyes with non-neovascular AMD were prospectively imaged with digital CFP and SD OCT. For each eye, areas on CFP in which at least 2 of 3 retina specialists agreed upon drusen presence produced the composite CFP drusen map. Automated image analysis produced another CFP map. Areas identified as drusen by ... (Read Full Article)
    

    Comment on Article Mentions:   Joseph A. Izatt   Duke University   Columbia University

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