Image-Guided Surgery IEEE Presentation by John Black

The introduction of the laser as a therapeutic surgical tool in the 1960s has had a profound effect on certain fields of medicine, particularly in ophthalmology and minimally - invasive endoscopic surgical disciplines. The implementation of guided precision tool placement and real‐time tissue analysis capability on the surgical tool and has recently started to blossom as many of the advances in robotics, electronics, computing and optical telecommunications technology of the last two decades make their way into the biophotonics field. The talk will show how optical techniques available today can allow a surgical tool to sense both temperature and force ...