Purpose The major goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that in patients with peripheral hypertrophic subepithelial corneal opacification (PHSCO), visualization of corneal vessels is better with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) than with conventional slit lamp microphotography. Methods Patients with PHSCO were included in this prospective study. The corneal findings were photographed using a slit lamp camera (Haag Streit BM 900 ® ) and visualized with anterior‐segment OCT (Optovue XR Avanti, Fremont, California, USA). Additionally, OCTA with the Angiovue Imaging™ System was performed in the area of PHSCO. Results Thirty‐four eyes of 19 patients (26% male and ...

Swept‐source optical coherence tomography has demonstrated the unique advantages for fast imaging rate and long imaging distance, however, limited axial resolution and complex phase noises restrict swept‐source optical coherence Doppler tomography (SS‐ODT) for quantitative capillary blood flow imaging in the deep cortices. Here, the wavelength‐division‐multiplexing optical Doppler tomography (WDM‐ODT) method, which divides a single interferogram into multiple phase‐correlated interferograms, is proposed to effectively enhance the sensitivity for cerebral capillary flow imaging. Both flow phantom and in vivo mouse brain imaging studies show that WDM‐ODT is able to significantly suppress background phase noise ...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technology that enables real time, high‐resolution, cross‐sectional and en face investigation of skin by detecting reflected broad‐spectrum near‐infrared light from tissue. OCT provides micron‐scale spatial resolution and millimeter‐scale depth of penetration [1]. Several commercial OCT systems with handheld probes targeted for Dermatology are now available [2].

Objective We aimed to assess early neointimal healing by optical coherence tomography (OCT) 3 months after implantation of the ultrathin Orsiro® sirolimus‐eluting stent with biodegradable polymer. Background New generations of drug‐eluting stents with biodegradable polymer have been developed to avoid the continued vascular irritation of durable polymers. Methods In this prospective, open‐label study, 34 patients received an Orsiro® sirolimus‐eluting stent with biodegradable polymer. In a subgroup of patients ( n  = 15), the intervention was performed under OCT guidance. All patients underwent OCT‐examination at three months. The primary endpoint was 3‐month neointimal healing (NIH) score, calculated ...

Purpose Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enface visualisation of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) reflectance has been found to have some advantages over retinal thickness measures. However, it is not yet clear how abnormalities on enface images relate to findings of abnormalities from other clinical measures such as the circumpapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (cRNFLT). We developed a technique to analyse the RNFL reflectance on the OCT enface images, and to investigate its relation with the cRNFLT. Methods Spectralis ( www.heidelbergengineering.com ) OCT scans of the central retinal ±24° were analysed in the study eye of 31 controls and ...

Letter to the editor.

Background Skin cancer represents the most prevalent type of cancer in the United States. Excision of these lesions can leave significant scarring, and a delay in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma could result in metastasis or death. Therefore, developing technology and criteria to accurately diagnose these cancers is of particular importance to the medical community. While biopsy can lead to scarring and infections, dermoscopy and confocal microscopy offer noninvasive imaging methods but are also limited in their ability to determine tumor depth and margins. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising imaging method that uses near‐infrared light backscattering to ...

Purpose To characterize the two‐dimensional parameter Bruch's membrane opening minimum rim area (BMO‐MRA) in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) of the optic nerve head (ONH) compared to minimum rim width (BMO‐MRW) and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in a large patient cohort. Methods Case–control, cross‐sectional study of 705 eyes of 445 participants. A total of 449 eyes with glaucoma, 67 eyes with ocular hypertension and 189 healthy controls, underwent SD‐OCT and confocal laser scanning tomography (CSLT), visual field testing and clinical examination. Morphometric ONH parameters, visual field function and diagnostic ...

Purpose To compare glaucoma severity with ocular microcirculation, measured with either laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) or optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods We retrospectively studied 82 eyes of 82 open‐angle glaucoma (OAG) patients who underwent same‐day LSFG and OCTA examinations, with 20 eyes of 20 healthy subjects as controls. In OCTA images, vessel density (VD) (%) was calculated in concentric regions (regions 1, 2 and 3: R1, R2 and R3, respectively) defined by 1.6‐, 3.2‐ and 3.6‐mm‐diameter circles around the optic nerve head (ONH). In R3, the large vessels were automatically masked to calculate ...

Background Diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus is based on clinical features, histology, immunofluorescence and laboratory data. Objectives To evaluate features of BP and pemphigus at reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in order to provide a rapid non‐invasive bed‐side diagnosis. Secondary objective was to evaluate the detectability of clinically non‐visible lesions. Methods This was an observational, retrospective, multicentre study in which patients with suspicious lesions for BP or pemphigus underwent clinical assessment, RCM, OCT, blood tests and skin biopsy for histological and direct immunofluorescence examinations from January 2014 to December 2015. A ...

Objectives A current therapeutic challenge of vascular lesions is that they do not always respond effectively to laser treatment. Information on targeted vessels could potentially be used to guide laser treatments. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a useful tool for the non‐invasive imaging of tissues, including skin hemangiomas and port wine birthmarks. Dynamic OCT is able to rapidly characterize cutaneous blood vessels. The primary goal of this study was to demonstrate the ability of bedside OCT to image (i) overall vessel pattern; (ii) individual vessel morphology, diameter and depth; and (iii) total vessel density as a function of depth ...

Objectives We evaluated healing responses with optical coherence tomography, and long-term clinical outcomes after treatment with a dedicated stent versus a conventional culotte technique. Background Dedicated bifurcation stents have been proposed as an alternative treatment for coronary bifurcation lesions. The long-term performance of dedicated stents versus conventional dual-stent techniques for the treatment of complex coronary bifurcation lesions is unknown. Methods Forty patients with true coronary bifurcation lesions were randomized to treatment with a dedicated Axxess bifurcation stent in the proximal main vessel and additional Biomatrix stents in branches versus culotte stenting using Xience stents. Results The percentage of uncovered struts ...

Letter to the editor

A 11-year-old neutered male Labrador retriever-cross dog was presented to the University of Missouri-Columbia Veterinary Ophthalmology Service for subtle visual deficits. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed a smooth, bullous elevation in the superior-temporal retina OU. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) performed OU showed inner retinal separation consistent with retinoschisis. Electroretinography (ERG) revealed markedly reduced b-wave amplitudes in the more severely affected eye (OD) compared with the less severely affected eye (OS). The most notable reductions were in the rod response and 30-Hz flicker b-waves OD which were approximately 50% of the corresponding amplitudes OS. Implicit times, particularly the a-wave implicit times, were noticeably ...

Objectives To evaluate the occurrence of rewiring through one of the panels of the Tryton stent (instead of the assumed re-wiring in-between the panels) and the influence on stent geometry and mechanics. Background Tryton is a side branch stent used in combination with a main branch device. It is placed without the need of rotational orientation. However, it is unknown whether main branch re-wiring accidentally may occur through a panel, instead of in-between the panels. Methods We used three-dimensional optical coherence tomography to evaluate the location of distal main branch re-wiring through Tryton. Furthermore, we used computer simulations to evaluate ...

There is currently a growing interest in new diagnostic tools of the oral cavity and mucosa which are non-invasive, repeatable and reliable. A diagnosis of a suspected, autoimmune pathology was made regarding a 57-year-old patient with desquamative gingivitis. However, a negative Nikolsky's sign did not seem to indicate a diagnosis of mucous membrane pemphigoid neither was there any indication as to the optimum location for an incisional biopsy. As an imaging method, the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has enabled the obtaining of tomographic (cross-sectional) scans of tissue. Such images are acquired prior to and after verifying Nikolsky ...

Purpose To investigate flow area changes measured using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA; RTVue XR Avanti ® ) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with preserved visual acuity (VA). Methods This was an age- and refraction-matched case–control study. Consecutive patients with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of ≥20/20 and normal subjects were recruited. Fifty eyes (32 patients) and 22 eyes (12 controls) were included. The flow area and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were measured in both superficial and deep layers within a 3 × 3 mm central area of the fovea. Association between OCTA parameters and the length of the inner ...

Background and objective Malassezia Folliculitis (MaF) is an inflammatory condition of hair follicles caused by Malassezia yeast. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) are imaging technologies enabling in vivo visualization of superficial skin layers. This study explores morphology of pustules in MaF imaged by OCT and RCM. Methods Patients with microscopically verified MaF were included in this case series. Morphology was evaluated qualitatively with RCM and OCT, focusing on shape, border and content of selected pustules. Results Nine patients with MaF were included. Clinically, six patients presented monomorphic MaF with multiple superficial pustules, while three patients showed ...

Morphological changes in the outer retina such as drusen are established biomarkers to diagnose age‐related macular degeneration. However, earlier diagnosis might be possible by taking advantage of more subtle changes that accompany tissues that bear polarization‐altering properties. To test this hypothesis, we developed a method based on polarization‐sensitive optical coherence tomography with which volumetric data sets of the macula were obtained from 10 young (<25 years) and 10 older (>54 years) subjects. All young subjects and 5 of the older subjects had retardance values induced by the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane (RPE‐BM) complex ...

A new multimodal system for rapid, noninvasive in vivo skin cancer screening is presented, combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optoacoustic (OA) modalities to provide precise tumor depth determination with a Raman spectroscopic modality capable of detecting the lesion type and, thus, providing diagnostic capability. Both OA and Raman setups use wide field skin illumination to ensure the compliance with maximum permissible exposure (MPE) requirements. The Raman signal is collected via the OCT scanning lens to maximize the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the measured signal while keeping radiation levels below MPE limits. OCT is used to optically determine the ...

Letter to the Editor

Letter to the editor

Objective To estimate the prevalence of ocular disease and obtain normative ocular data for free-living hummingbirds. Animals studied Two hundred and sixty-three free-living, adult Hummingbirds from coastal and inland central California were studied, including Anna's ( Calypte anna , n = 186) and Black-chinned ( Archilochus alexandri ; n = 77) hummingbirds. Procedures Slit lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy were performed on all individuals. Rebound tonometry, measurement of horizontal palpebral fissure length, and streak retinoscopy were performed on select individuals. Five conscious Anna's Hummingbirds underwent ocular imaging including fundus photography, digital slit lamp photography, and anterior segment and retinal optical coherence tomography. Results The ...