Neurology -Optical Coherence Tomography News

Articles in category: Neurology

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1. Optical Coherence Tomography versus Visual Evoked Potentials in detecting subclinical visual impairment in multiple sclerosis
  
  Explore Journal of medicine and life 13 hours, 5 min ago Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Rationale . Visual impairment is one of the most common clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS). Some multiple sclerosis patients complain of poor vision although the Snellen visual acuity is 20/20. This study reveals that sensitive measurements like visual evoked potential (VEP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) can evidence subclinical disturbances of visual pathway. These methods examine the relation between the visual function (VEP) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, as a structural biomarker for axonal loss in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The findings in this study indicate the utility of combining structural and functional testing in clinical ...
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2. In Vivo Characterization of Carotid Neointimal Hyperplasia by use of Optical Coherence Tomography: Before and After Cutting Balloon Angioplasty
  
  Explore Wiley Online Library Feb 24 2015 Cardiology , Neurology
  
  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a modern intravascular imaging modality that has the capability to provide detailed, in vivo characterization of the arterial wall and atherosclerotic plaque. The current understanding of the appearance of atherosclerotic plaque via OCT is largely based on coronary arterial studies where OCT information has been employed to guide therapeutic management and permits the immediate evaluation of percutaneous intervention. The clinical success of OCT in the coronary arteries has laid the foundation for investigation of the carotid artery and thus, stroke risk assessment. We report the novel use of OCT for tissue characterization of severe stenosis ...
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  Mentions: Case Western Reserve University
3. Optical coherence tomography predicts visual outcome for pituitary tumors
  
  Explore Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Feb 18 2015 Neurology , Oncology , Ophthalmology
  
  We evaluate if the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) continued over long-term visual recovery in 107 patients undergoing pituitary decompression. Recently, it has been recognized that OCT of RNFL has prognostic value in predicting visual outcomes after surgery for chiasmal compression caused by pituitary tumours. Patients were followed up at three time points: pre-operative (visit 1), 6 –10 weeks post-operative (visit 2) and 9–15 months follow-up (visit 3). We found that patients with thin pre-operative RNFL had more severe visual field defects (mean deviation [MD] -9.22 versus -3.96 decibels ...
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  Mentions: University of Auckland University of Melbourne Helen Danesh-Meyer
4. Optical coherence tomography visualizes neurons in human entorhinal cortex
  
  Explore SPIE | Journal Feb 15 2015 Neurology
  
  The cytoarchitecture of the human brain is of great interest in diverse fields: neuroanatomy, neurology, neuroscience, and neuropathology. Traditional histology is a method that has been historically used to assess cell and fiber content in the ex vivo human brain. However, this technique suffers from significant distortions. We used a previously demonstrated optical coherence microscopy technique to image individual neurons in several square millimeters of en-face tissue blocks from layer II of the human entorhinal cortex, over 50 μ m in depth. The same slices were then sectioned and stained for Nissl substance. We registered the optical coherence tomography (OCT) images ...
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  Mentions: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University
5. Neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: Seeing differences through optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore Multiple Sclerosis Feb 13 2015 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that preferentially targets the optic nerves and spinal cord. The clinical presentation may suggest multiple sclerosis (MS), but a highly specific serum autoantibody against the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 present in up to 80% of NMO patients enables distinction from MS. Optic neuritis may occur in either condition resulting in neuro-anatomical retinal changes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a useful tool for analyzing retinal damage both in MS and NMO. Numerous studies showed that optic neuritis in NMO typically results in more severe retinal nerve fiber ...
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  Mentions: Johns Hopkins University University of Pennsylvania University Hospital Zurich
6. OCT measurements of optic nerve head changes in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
  
  Explore Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Jan 24 2015 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Objective Severity of papilledema and vision loss constitute a basis for therapeutic intervention in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), but both are often subjective and insensitive in guiding clinical management. The aim of this study was to identify reliable and sensitive measurements of optic nerve head (ONH) and macula, to provide objective guidance for prognostic evaluation and treatment in IIH. We analyzed potential of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), to measure neuro-retinal rim thickness and area, optic cup-to-disc ratio (C/D) and cup volume of ONH which have not previously been reported in IIH. In parallel, thickness of peripapillary retinal ...
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  Mentions: Timm Oberwahrenbrock
7. Correlation between SD-OCT, immunocytochemistry and functional findings in an animal model of retinal degeneration
  
  Explore journal.frontiersin.org Jan 9 2015 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Purpose: The P23H rhodopsin mutation is an autosomal dominant cause of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The degeneration can be tracked using different anatomical and functional methods. In our case, we evaluated the anatomical changes using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) and correlated the findings with retinal thickness values determined by immunocytochemistry.Methods: Pigmented rats heterozygous for the P23H mutation, with ages between P18 and P180 were studied. Function was assessed by means of optomotor testing and ERGs. Retinal thicknesses measurements, autofluorescence and fluorescein angiography were performed using Spectralis OCT. Retinas were studied by means of immunohistochemistry. Results: Between P30 and P180 ...
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  Mentions: Miguel Hernandez University Heidelberg Spectralis University of Alberta
8. Optical coherence tomography and visual evoked potentials combined use as monitoring tools in Multiple Sclerosis patients
  
  Explore Clinical Neurophysiology Dec 16 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  In Multiple Sclerosis-MS, optical coherence tomography-OCT is used to measure retinal nerve fiber layer-RNFL thickness as a marker of axonal loss and visual evoked potentials-VEPs as an indicator of demyelination. However, no clear indications are available on their combined use in MS monitoring. 80 MS patients underwent neurological and neurophysiological evaluation with OCT and VEPs, with routine clinical and MRI monitoring for a mean period of 1 year. Additional OCT-VEPs follow-up was obtained in 50 patients. Comparing eyes with and without previous ON, VEP latency and RNFL thickness were respectively significantly higher (131.2 ms Vs 118.8 ms, p ...
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9. Optical Coherence Tomography to Assess Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis (Book Chapter)
  
  Explore Home - Springer Dec 7 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology , Textbooks
  
  Retinal spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a clinical and research tool in multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis (ON). This chapter summarizes a short OCT protocol as included in international consensus guidelines. The protocol was written for hands-on style such that both clinicians and OCT technicians can make use of it. The protocol is suitable for imaging of the optic nerve head and macular regions as a baseline for follow-up investigations, individual layer segmentation, and diagnostic assessment.
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  Mentions: Medical University of Vienna Axel Petzold
10. Examining multiple sclerosis through the eyes of a child
  
  Explore Neurology Dec 1 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  etinal ganglion cells (RGCs) receive input from photoreceptive cells, have unmyelinated axons that constitute the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and gain myelin as they pass through the lamina cribrosa to form the optic nerve. RGC axons project to several structures within the CNS, including the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus. The ganglion cell layer (GCL) constitutes a readily quantifiable layer of neuronal cell bodies. Whereas research methods of cortical neuronal quantification in multiple sclerosis (MS) continue to evolve, the advent of high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, derived from software that segments discrete retinal layers, has enabled quantification ...
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  Mentions: University of Houston Washington University in St. Louis
11. Association of Cognitive deficits with Optical Coherence Tomography changes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
  
  Explore omicsgroup.org Nov 29 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting myelinated axons. Cognitive impairments have been observed in patients with MS. Although there are some methods to examine the progress of MS, a tool hasn’t been developed to fully correlate MS symptoms with cognitive deficits. Methods: Among patients referring to Kerman-Iran Shafa Hospital, 60 MS patients were chosen to be included in the study. Their demographic data was obtained and patients filled the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) questionnaire and then underwent OCT. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the frequency of patients with normal and abnormal ...
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12. Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Idiopathic Optic Perineuritis using Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Informa Healthcare Nov 29 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of idiopathic Optic perineuritis on the retinal nerve fiber layer, and determine the ability of optical coherence tomography to evaluate retinal nerve fiber loss after idiopathic Optic perineuritis. Four patients were assessed in this study. In all cases, average retinal nerve fiber layer was significantly thinner in the affected eye in comparison with the normal reference value and with the value for the contralateral normal eye at 12 months after the onset of optic perineuritis. Our study revealed that retinal nerve fiber layer loss occurs in idiopathic optic nerve sheath ...
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  Mentions: Pusan National University
13. Retinal Ganglion Cell Analysis Using High-Definition Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
  
  Explore IOS Press Nov 28 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with emerging evidence that it is associated with retinal ganglion cell loss; however, few data exist to establish this association. Objective: To determine whether macular ganglion cell -inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), as quantitatively measured by non-invasive in vivo spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), are altered in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Patients with AD and MCI were recruited from dementia/memory clinics, and cognitively normal controls were selected from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease program. SD-OCT (CIRRUS, software version 6 ...
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  Mentions: Carl Zeiss Meditec National University of Singapore Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT
14. Optical coherence tomography and its use in optical neuritis and multiple sclerosis
  
  Explore AEPress Nov 28 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Optical coherence tomography is a relatively new non-invasive imaging technique used for obtaining the images and quantifying the layers of the retina. It also provides information about optic nerve head topography, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and macular volume which correlates with axonal loss. Until now, this method was used mainly in ophthalmology; now it has emerged as relevant in neurology as well. RNFL thickness is of particular interest in optic neuropathies and in multiple sclerosis. In sclerosis multiplex, axonal loss occurs as early as the first stages and the quantification of the RNFL thickness by OCT provides an ...
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15. Applications of visual evoked potentials and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in Parkinson's disease: a controlled study
  
  Explore scielo.br Nov 22 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Purpose: The goal of this cross-sectional observational study was to quantify the pattern-shift visual evoked potentials (VEP) and the thickness as well as the volume of retinal layers using optical coherence tomography (OCT) across a cohort of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and age-matched controls. Methods: Forty-three PD patients and 38 controls were enrolled. All participants underwent a detailed neurological and ophthalmologic evaluation. Idiopathic PD cases were included. Cases with glaucoma or increased intra-ocular pressure were excluded. Patients were assessed by VEP and high-resolution Fourier-domain OCT, which quantified the inner and outer thicknesses of the retinal layers. VEP latencies and ...
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  Mentions: Optovue University of São Paulo Optovue RTVue-100
16. Multi-contrast optical coherence tomography for brain imaging and mapping (Thesis)
  
  Explore University Digital Conservancy Home Nov 15 2014 Neurology , Student Theses
  
  Although our knowledge of neuronal function and regional activity has been tremendously enriched in the past decades, coordination of these neurons to form the complex behaviors has yet to be understood. The neuronal pathways (also named connectome) form the structural foundation of the dynamic circuits in the brain. The recent interests in connectome and brainwide database have imposed a pressing need for high-resolution imaging techniques that allows large coverage. This dissertation develops a novel multi-contrast optical coherence tomography (MC-OCT) technique for the application of brainwide imaging and architectural mapping in 3D at high spatiotemporal resolution, with an emphasis on the ...
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  Mentions: University of Michigan Taner Akkin Hui Wang
17. Monitoring of Cerebral Hemodynamics Post Optogenetic Stimulation via Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Resolve a DOI Nov 6 2014 Neurology
  
  In this article Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography is used to measure the hemodynamic response induced by optogenetic stimulation in the somatosensory cortex of transgenic mice. By analyzing the 3D angiograms and Doppler measurements produced by coherence tomography, we observed significant increase in blood flow as a result of increased vessel diameter and blood velocity following optical stimulation of cortical neurons. Such distinct responses were not observed in control experiments where the brain of wildtype mice were exposed to the same light pulses.
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  Mentions: University of Wisconsin
18. Graphene Sensors Stimulate Neurons Optically And Electronically
  
  Explore Photonics Online Oct 31 2014 Neurology
  
  While electrical sensing is a mainstay of neurological studies, optical methods have recently started to become more prevalent. A new sensor system from DARPA now allows both modalities to be used together, for greater insights into neural structure and function. Electrical impulses are the primary way that neural cells communicate. Historically, electrical studies have enabled the evaluation of neural cell communication. Generally, the understanding of neural cells that was gained by studying electrical impulses was garnered through correlation studies, so a direct link was not possible to prove relationships between neural cell electrical activity and behavior. Recently, the development of ...
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19. Automated 3D Segmentation of Intraretinal Surfaces in SD-OCT Volumes in Normal and Diabetic Mice
  
  Explore tvstjournal.org Oct 28 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Purpose: To describe an adaptation of an existing graph-theoretic method (initially developed for human optical coherence tomography [ OCT ] images) for the three-dimensional ( 3D ) automated segmentation of 10 intraretinal surfaces in mice scans, and assess the accuracy of the method and the reproducibility of thickness measurements. Methods: Ten intraretinal surfaces were segmented in repeat spectral domain ( SD )- OCT volumetric images acquired from normal ( n = 8) and diabetic ( n = 10) mice . The accuracy of the method was assessed by computing the border position errors of the automated segmentation with respect to manual tracings obtained from two experts. The reproducibility was statistically assessed ...
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  Mentions: Michael D. Abràmoff University of Iowa Mona K. Garvin
20. Retinal neurodegeneration on optical coherence tomography and cerebral atrophy
  
  Explore ScienceDirect Oct 26 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Neurodegeneration in dementia is mainly evaluated by assessing cerebral atrophy, while retinal neurodegeneration can be quantified in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We examined the association of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC–IPL) thinning with global and regional cerebral atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Malay participants aged 60–80 years from the Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore Study underwent comprehensive examinations, including 3-Tesla cranial MRI. RNFL and GC-IPL thicknesses were obtained from spectral domain-OCT; and cerebral grey and white matter volumes were obtained from MRI scans using a validated segmentation tool. Linear ...
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  Mentions: Duke University Singapore Eye Research Institute National University of Singapore
21. Re: Garcia-Martin et al.: Retinal layer segmentation in patients with multiple sclerosis using spectral domain optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore Ophthalmology Oct 24 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  With great interest we read the article by Garcia-Martin et al.1 The authors were able to include an impressively large number of patients and this dataset provides an excellent opportunity to evaluate retinal layer affection in multiple sclerosis. However, after carefully reading the article, we are concerned that there are discrepancies in the document that require clarification.
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  Mentions: VU University Amsterdam Timm Oberwahrenbrock Axel Petzold
22. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) – A New Diagnostic Tool in Psychiatry?
  
  Explore Thieme Oct 16 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, contact-less imaging method which provides an “in vivo” representation of the retina. It allows the quantitative measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) and macula thickness (MT) and, in addition, is suitable to measure volumes (e. g., macula volume/MV). In the research of neurodegenerative diseases, OCT has been increasingly used and has shown its potential as a possible diagnostic tool over the course of the last few years. In recent years, the hypothesis that mental disorders like schizophrenia or unipolar depressive disorder have a degenerative component was established through a variety ...
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23. Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measures by Cirrus and Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
  
  Explore Hindawi Publishing Corporation Oct 15 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  Objective . To estimate sensitivity and specificity of several optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements for detecting retinal thickness changes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), such as macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness measured with Cirrus (OCT) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness measured with Cirrus and Spectralis OCT. Methods . Seventy patients (140 eyes) with RRMS and seventy matched healthy subjects underwent pRNFL and GCIPL thickness analysis using Cirrus OCT and pRNFL using Spectralis OCT. A prospective, cross-sectional evaluation of sensitivities and specificities was performed using latent class analysis due to the absence of a gold standard ...
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  Mentions: Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT Heidelberg Spectralis
24. Homonymous Ganglion Cell Layer Thinning After Isolated Occipital Lesion: Macular OCT Demonstrates Transsynaptic Retrograde Retinal Degeneration
  
  Explore LWW Online Oct 7 2014 Neurology , Ophthalmology
  
  A 48-year-old man was examined 24 months after medial and surgical treatment of an isolated well-circumscribed right occipital lobe abscess. An asymptomatic residual left homonymous inferior scotoma was present. Fundus examination revealed temporal pallor of both optic discs, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed mild temporal loss of retinal nerve fiber layer in both eyes. No relative afferent pupillary defect was present. Assessment of the retinal ganglion cell layer demonstrated homonymous thinning in a pattern corresponding to the homonymous visual field loss. There were no abnormalities of the lateral geniculate nuclei or optic tracts on review of the initial brain ...
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  Mentions: Randy H. Kardon
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