Otolaryngology -Optical Coherence Tomography News

Articles in category: Otolaryngology

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1. MEEI Receives NIH Grant for Measuring and Modeling The Cochlear Motions that Drive The Inner and Outer Hair Cells and Produce Otoacoustic Emissions
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Jan 7 2019 Otolaryngology , Funding
  
  Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Receives a 2019 NIH Grant for $540,156 for Measuring and Modeling The Cochlear Motions that Drive The Inner and Outer Hair Cells and Produce Otoacoustic Emissions. The principal investigator is Sunil Puria. The program began in 2007 and ends in 2022. Below is a summary of the propose work. Our knowledge of cochlear mechanics is currently undergoing a revolution. While the basilar membrane (BM) has long been considered the principal structure in cochlear motion, new techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have instead revealed not only that the reticular lamina (RL) moves in ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
2. Using OCT to Watch an Ear Hear
  
  Explore osa-opn.org Jan 4 2019 Otolaryngology
  
  A research team led by OSA Fellow Seok-Hyun Yun at the Wellman Center for Photomedicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, USA, reports using a form of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to capture 3-D anatomical and vibrational images of ossicles—tiny bones within the middle ear—as they move in response to sound (Biomed. Opt. Express, doi: 10.1364/BOE.9.005489 ). The imaging method, which they named OCT vibrography, uses OCT phase-synchronized with a range of high-frequency sound stimuli. In demonstrations with a chinchilla ear model, the researchers used OCT vibrography to observe a previously unknown mode of ossicular motion at ...
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  Mentions: Seok-Hyun Yun Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University
3. Endoscopic optical coherence tomography with wide field-of-view for the morphological and functional assessment of the human tympanic membrane
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Dec 8 2018 Otolaryngology , Probes
  
  An endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) system with a wide field-of-view of 8 mm is presented, which combines the image capability of endoscopic imaging at the middle ear with the advantages of functional OCT imaging, allowing a morphological and functional assessment of the human tympanic membrane. The endoscopic tube has a diameter of 3.5 mm and contains gradient-index optics for simultaneous forward-viewing OCT and video endoscopy. The endoscope allows the three-dimensional visualization of nearly the entire tympanic membrane. In addition, the oscillation of the tympanic membrane is measured spatially resolved and in the frequency range between 500 Hz and ...
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  Mentions: Julia Walther Dresden University of Technology Edmund Koch
4. Clinical Utility of Intraoperative Tympanomastoidectomy Assessment Using a Surgical Microscope Integrated with an Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Nature Publishing Group Nov 27 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Significant technical and optical advances are required for intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) to be utilized during otological surgeries. Integrating OCT with surgical microscopy makes it possible to evaluate soft tissue in real-time and at a high resolution. Herein, we describe an augmented-reality, intraoperative OCT/microscope system with an extended working distance of 280 mm, providing more space for surgical manipulation than conventional techniques. We initially performed ex vivo experiments to evaluate system performance. In addition, we validated the system by performing preliminary clinical assessments of tympanomastoidectomy outcomes in six patients with chronic otitis media. The system evaluated residual inflammation ...
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  Mentions: Superlum Ajou University Jeehyun Kim
5. Mapping the phase and amplitude of ossicular chain motion using sound-synchronous optical coherence vibrography
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Oct 18 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  The sound-driven vibration of the tympanic membrane and ossicular chain of middle-ear bones is fundamental to hearing. Here we show that optical coherence tomography in phase synchrony with a sound stimulus is well suited for volumetric, vibrational imaging of the ossicles and tympanic membrane. This imaging tool — OCT vibrography — provides intuitive motion pictures of the ossicular chain and how they vary with frequency. Using the chinchilla ear as a model, we investigated the vibrational snapshots and phase delays of the manubrium, incus, and stapes over 100 Hz to 15 kHz. The vibrography images reveal a previously undescribed mode of motion ...
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  Mentions: Seok-Hyun Yun Harvard University Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
6. Organ of Corti vibration within the intact gerbil cochlea measured by volumetric optical coherence tomography and vibrometry
  
  Explore physiology.org Oct 9 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  There is indirect evidence that the mammalian cochlea in the low-frequency apical and the more commonly-studied high-frequency basal regions function in fundamentally different ways. Here, we directly tested this hypothesis by measuring sound-induced vibrations of the organ of Corti (OoC) at three turns of the gerbil cochlea using volumetric optical coherence tomography vibrometry (VOCTV), an approach that permits non-invasive imaging through the bone. In the apical turn, there was little frequency selectivity and the displacement-versus-frequency curves had low-pass filter characteristics with a corner frequency of ~0.5-0.9 kHz. The vibratory magnitudes increased compressively with increasing stimulus intensity at all ...
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  Mentions: Texas A&M University Brian E. Applegate John S. Oghalai
7. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in obstructive sleep apnea
  
  Explore Sleep Medicine Reviews Oct 3 2018 Ophthalmology , Otolaryngology
  
  We have read the article by Mentek et al., however, we believe some discussion would be of benefit [1]. The authors describe vascular disorders of the retina and optic nerve in patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). When reviewing results of eye tests in this disease it is necessary to mention that OSA itself presents alterations in particular ophthalmic examinations.
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8. Optical Coherence Tomography as an Oral Cancer Screening Adjunct in a Low Resource Settings
  
  Explore IEEE Xplore Oct 2 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, predominantly seen in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Two thirds of all cases are detected at a late stage when prognosis and treatment outcomes are poor. Oral lesions are commonly detected by visual inspection, followed by invasive surgical biopsy and time consuming histopathological analysis. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), a minimally invasive tomographic imaging technology, can be used to non-invasively identify premalignant or malignant change in the oral mucosa. In this study, a mobile OCT imaging system was designed, constructed and tested for its performance as a point-of-care oral diagnostic device. Twenty ...
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Petra E. Wilder-Smith
9. Clinical and surgical implications of intraoperative optical coherence tomography imaging for benign pediatric vocal fold lesions
  
  Explore ScienceDirect Sep 6 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Introduction Benign vocal disorders in children include an extensive list of abnormalities creating a variety of debilitating levels of dysphonia. Precise delineation of the benign lesion type and margins may have significant public health implications in children. An innovative technology such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) is being explored to delineate pediatric benign laryngeal lesions. An accurate assessment of the subepithelial morphology may help towards tailoring more personalized therapeutic treatments. This study was established to highlight key morphological and optical features of benign pediatric laryngeal lesions using intraoperative OCT and to suggest clinical implications that arise from such optical imaging ...
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  Mentions: Harvard University Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
10. Optical coherence tomography for observation of the olfactory epithelium in mice
  
  Explore Auris Nasus Larynx Sep 1 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Objective Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging tool that exploits the coherence of infrared light and is clinically utilized in the field of ophthalmology and dermatology. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of using OCT for diagnosing degeneration and regeneration of the olfactory epithelium in mice. Methods The olfactory and respiratory epithelia in excised nasal septa of adult mice were observed using OCT. Subsequently, histological assessments were performed with hematoxylin and eosin (H–E) staining. The thicknesses of the olfactory or respiratory epithelia were measured in both OCT images and H–E-stained paraffin sections. The ability of OCT ...
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  Mentions: Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
11. Utility of Optical Coherence Tomography for Guiding Laser Therapy Among Patients With Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
  
  Explore The JAMA Network Aug 9 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Importance Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a viral-induced disease caused by human papillomavirus and the second leading cause of dysphonia in children; however, neither a cure nor a definitive surgical treatment is currently available for RRP. Although laser therapy is often used in the treatment of RRP, the lack of real-time laser-tissue interaction feedback undermines the ability of physicians to provide treatments with low morbidity. Therefore, an intraoperative tool to monitor and control laser treatment depth is needed. Objective To investigate the potential of combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) with laser therapy for patient-tailored laryngeal RRP treatments. Design, Setting, and ...
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  Mentions: Harvard University Boston Scientific Cambridge Technology
12. Ba-Boom! There Goes Your Hearing
  
  Explore Science News, Articles and Information Aug 1 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  The most common injury to American troops is silent and invisible. And I don't mean PTSD: hearing loss and tinnitus—ringing in the ear—top the list of service-related disabilities for veterans. They are an unsung consequence of prolonged exposure to roaring environments, such as the deck of an aircraft carrier, or, increasingly, to the sudden blast of a roadside bomb. One fifth of veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars are affected, according to a 2017 analysis . Hearing loss has enduring social and economic impacts, harming one's ability to earn a living and the quality of relationships ...
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  Mentions: University of Southern California Stanford University
13. In Vivo Vibration Measurement of Middle Ear Structure Using Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography: Preliminary Study
  
  Explore e-ceo.org Jul 31 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Objectives Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) is useful for both, the spatially resolved measurement of the tympanic membrane (TM) oscillation and high-resolution imaging. We demonstrated a new technique capable of providing real-time two-dimensional Doppler OCT image of rapidly oscillatory latex mini-drum and in vivo rat TM and ossicles. Methods Using DOCT system, the oscillation of sample was measured at frequency range of 1–4 kHz at an output of 15 W. After the sensitivity of the DOCT system was verified using a latex mini-drum consisting of a 100 μm-thick latex membrane, changes in displacement of the umbo and contacted area ...
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  Mentions: Harvard University Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Ajou University
14. Multiple Wavelength Optical Coherence Tomography Assessments for Enhanced Ex Vivo Intra-Cochlear Microstructural Visualization
  
  Explore MDPI Open Access Journals Platform Jul 31 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  The precise identification of intra-cochlear microstructures is an essential otorhinolaryngological requirement to diagnose the progression of cochlea related diseases. Thus, we demonstrated an experimental procedure to investigate the most optimal wavelength range, which can enhance the visualization of ex vivo intra-cochlear microstructures using multiple wavelengths (i.e., 860 nm, 1060 nm, and 1300 nm) based optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems. The high-resolution tomograms, volumetric, and quantitative evaluations obtained from Basilar membrane, organ of Corti, and scala vestibule regions revealed complementary comparisons between the aforementioned three distinct wavelengths based OCT systems. Compared to 860 nm and 1300 nm wavelengths, 1060 nm ...
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  Mentions: Medical University of Vienna Ajou University Jeehyun Kim
15. Time domain optical coherence tomography is a useful tool for diagnosing otitis media with effusion
  
  Explore IOPscience Jul 10 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  The usability of time-domain optical coherence tomography equipped with a flexible endoscopic probe for detecting effusion in the tympanic cavity is shown in the clinical environment. The possibility of assessing the dynamic properties of effusion, particularly its contained scatterers' mobility, is shown in real clinical cases. A method of comparative assessment of scatterers' mobility is proposed.
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  Mentions: Natalia M. Shakhova Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy Institute of Applied Physics
16. Optical Coherence Tomography of the Tympanic Membrane and Middle Ear: A Review
  
  Explore SAGE Journals May 26 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Objective To evaluate the recent developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) for tympanic membrane (TM) and middle ear (ME) imaging and to identify what further development is required for the technology to be integrated into common clinical use. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Review Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed for English language articles published from January 1966 to January 2018 with the keywords “tympanic membrane or middle ear,”“optical coherence tomography,” and “imaging.” Conclusion Conventional imaging techniques cannot adequately resolve the microscale features of TM and ME, sometimes necessitating diagnostic exploratory surgery ...
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  Mentions: University of Western Australia Brendan F. Kennedy Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe
17. Optical coherence tomography and confocal laser scanning microscopy as non-invasive tools in the diagnosis of sinonasal inverted papilloma: a pilot study
  
  Explore Home - Springer May 12 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) are light-based imaging techniques that allow for a visualization of microscopic tissue properties in vivo. Our study was to examine whether they allow for differentiation of inverted papilloma (IP) from nasal polyps (NP). Five cases of IP and NP, respectively, were investigated intraoperatively with OCT and CLSM. Biopsies were taken of the investigated area and were analyzed ex vivo with OCT and CLSM and then underwent HE-staining for standard light microscopy. On OCT images, IP showed the characteristic inverted character of the epithelium, that was thicker with a high degree ...
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  Mentions: Universität Rostock OPMedt
18. Osmotic stabilization prevents cochlear synaptopathy after blast trauma
  
  Explore pnas.org May 9 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Traumatic noise causes hearing loss by damaging sensory hair cells and their auditory synapses. There are no treatments. Here, we investigated mice exposed to a blast wave approximating a roadside bomb. In vivo cochlear imaging revealed an increase in the volume of endolymph, the fluid within scala media, termed endolymphatic hydrops. Endolymphatic hydrops, hair cell loss, and cochlear synaptopathy were initiated by trauma to the mechanosensitive hair cell stereocilia and were K + -dependent. Increasing the osmolality of the adjacent perilymph treated endolymphatic hydrops and prevented synaptopathy, but did not prevent hair cell loss. Conversely, inducing endolymphatic hydrops in control mice ...
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  Mentions: Texas A&M University Brian E. Applegate John S. Oghalai
19. Osmosis could prevent noise-induced hearing loss
  
  Explore C&EN May 8 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  oadside bombs injure soldiers in many ways, including causing hearing loss. The loud blasts can damage hair cells in the inner ear as well as destroy the connections between auditory neurons. This damage is irreversible. But a new study in mice suggests that triggering osmosis in the ear could prevent this noise-induced hearing loss ( Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2018, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720121115 ). John Oghalai , a head-and-neck surgeon at the University of Southern California, and colleagues found the possible treatment while studying inner ear damage in mice. The researchers subjected anesthetized mice to load blasts, equivalent to the ...
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  Mentions: University of Southern California
20. A System for Clinical Use of Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Thieme May 1 2018 Otolaryngology , Probes
  
  Introduction: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) allows non-invasive high-resolution imaging of tissues. With a penetration depth of a few millimeters it's possible to image the tympanic membrane and the close-by part of the tympanum, e.g. for diagnostics of otitis media and middle ear effusion. In the field of in vivo examination there are difficulties in access to the human tympanic membrane due to the narrow and curved external ear canal. We report a compact endoscopic OCT system for use in clinical research. Methods: We use a 3,5 mm endoscopic GRIN lens for video endoscopy and OCT. OCT is ...
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  Mentions: Julia Walther Dresden University of Technology Edmund Koch
21. Optical coherence tomography reveals complex motion between the basilar membrane and organ of corti in the gerbil cochlea
  
  Explore asa.scitation.org Apr 26 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  The mechanical basis of auditory transduction within the mammalian cochlea is not fully understood but relies on complex mechanical interactions between different structures within the Organ of Corti (OoC). We used spectral domain phase microscopy, a functional extension of optical coherence tomography (OCT), to measure the sound-evoked motion in response to “Zwuis” frequency complexes, in vivo, in the basal region of the gerbil cochlea. Because OCT allows for measurements from multiple axial positions along the optical path, we are able to simultaneously record vibration at different points within the OoC between the basilar membrane (BM) and tectorial membrane. Imaging through ...
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  Mentions: Columbia University
22. Endoscopic optical coherence tomography enables morphological and subnanometer vibratory imaging of the porcine cochlea through the round window
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Apr 17 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  A highly phase stable hand-held (HH) endoscopic system has been developed for optical coherence tomography and vibrometry. Designed to transit the ear canal to the middle ear space and peer through the round window (RW), it is capable of imaging the vibratory function of the cochlear soft tissues with subnanometer scale sensitivity. A side-looking, 9 cm long rigid endoscope with a distal diameter of 1.2 mm, was able to fit within the RW niche and provide imaging access. The phase stability was achieved in part by fully integrating a Michelson interferometer into the HH device. Ex vivo imaging of ...
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  Mentions: Texas A&M University UCLA Brian E. Applegate
23. Magnetomotive Displacement of the Tympanic Membrane using Magnetic Nanoparticles: Toward Enhancement of Sound Perception
  
  Explore IEEE Xplore Apr 16 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Objective: A novel hearing-aid scheme using magnetomotive nanoparticles (MNPs) as transducers in the tympanic membrane (TM) is proposed, aiming to noninvasively and directly induce a modulated vibration on the TM. Methods: In this feasibility study, iron-oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles were applied on ex vivo rat TM tissues and allowed to diffuse over ~2 hr. Subsequently, magnetic force was exerted on the MNP-laden TM via a programmable electromagnetic solenoid to induce the magnetomotion. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), along with its phase-sensitive measurement capabilities, was utilized to visualize and quantify the nanometer-scale vibrations generated on the ...
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  Mentions: Stephen A. Boppart University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Eric J. Chaney
24. Visualizing cellular markers of sensorineural hearing loss in the murine cochlea using micro-optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Mar 20 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Although sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) affects 600 million people globally and its prevalence is increasing, therapies remain limited. Advances in therapy development for SNHL are slow because we do not possess a method for visualizing the cochlea’s interior in living humans and relating visualized pathology to a patient’s hearing ability. To this end, we are investigating the ability of micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT), a low-coherence interferometric imaging technique that requires no contrast agent and improves upon standard OCT in resolution and depth of focus, to visualize the micron-sized cellular structures in the cochlea. We recently demonstrated µOCT’s ...
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  Mentions: Guillermo J. Tearney Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University
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