Otolaryngology -Optical Coherence Tomography News

Articles in category: Otolaryngology

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1. Optical coherence tomography and confocal laser scanning microscopy as non-invasive tools in the diagnosis of sinonasal inverted papilloma: a pilot study
  
  Explore Home - Springer May 12 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) are light-based imaging techniques that allow for a visualization of microscopic tissue properties in vivo. Our study was to examine whether they allow for differentiation of inverted papilloma (IP) from nasal polyps (NP). Five cases of IP and NP, respectively, were investigated intraoperatively with OCT and CLSM. Biopsies were taken of the investigated area and were analyzed ex vivo with OCT and CLSM and then underwent HE-staining for standard light microscopy. On OCT images, IP showed the characteristic inverted character of the epithelium, that was thicker with a high degree ...
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  Mentions: Universität Rostock OPMedt
2. Osmotic stabilization prevents cochlear synaptopathy after blast trauma
  
  Explore pnas.org May 9 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Traumatic noise causes hearing loss by damaging sensory hair cells and their auditory synapses. There are no treatments. Here, we investigated mice exposed to a blast wave approximating a roadside bomb. In vivo cochlear imaging revealed an increase in the volume of endolymph, the fluid within scala media, termed endolymphatic hydrops. Endolymphatic hydrops, hair cell loss, and cochlear synaptopathy were initiated by trauma to the mechanosensitive hair cell stereocilia and were K + -dependent. Increasing the osmolality of the adjacent perilymph treated endolymphatic hydrops and prevented synaptopathy, but did not prevent hair cell loss. Conversely, inducing endolymphatic hydrops in control mice ...
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  Mentions: Texas A&M University Brian E. Applegate John S. Oghalai
3. Osmosis could prevent noise-induced hearing loss
  
  Explore C&EN May 8 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  oadside bombs injure soldiers in many ways, including causing hearing loss. The loud blasts can damage hair cells in the inner ear as well as destroy the connections between auditory neurons. This damage is irreversible. But a new study in mice suggests that triggering osmosis in the ear could prevent this noise-induced hearing loss ( Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2018, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720121115 ). John Oghalai , a head-and-neck surgeon at the University of Southern California, and colleagues found the possible treatment while studying inner ear damage in mice. The researchers subjected anesthetized mice to load blasts, equivalent to the ...
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  Mentions: University of Southern California
4. A System for Clinical Use of Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Thieme May 1 2018 Otolaryngology , Probes
  
  Introduction: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) allows non-invasive high-resolution imaging of tissues. With a penetration depth of a few millimeters it's possible to image the tympanic membrane and the close-by part of the tympanum, e.g. for diagnostics of otitis media and middle ear effusion. In the field of in vivo examination there are difficulties in access to the human tympanic membrane due to the narrow and curved external ear canal. We report a compact endoscopic OCT system for use in clinical research. Methods: We use a 3,5 mm endoscopic GRIN lens for video endoscopy and OCT. OCT is ...
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  Mentions: Julia Walther Dresden University of Technology Edmund Koch
5. Optical coherence tomography reveals complex motion between the basilar membrane and organ of corti in the gerbil cochlea
  
  Explore asa.scitation.org Apr 26 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  The mechanical basis of auditory transduction within the mammalian cochlea is not fully understood but relies on complex mechanical interactions between different structures within the Organ of Corti (OoC). We used spectral domain phase microscopy, a functional extension of optical coherence tomography (OCT), to measure the sound-evoked motion in response to “Zwuis” frequency complexes, in vivo, in the basal region of the gerbil cochlea. Because OCT allows for measurements from multiple axial positions along the optical path, we are able to simultaneously record vibration at different points within the OoC between the basilar membrane (BM) and tectorial membrane. Imaging through ...
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  Mentions: Columbia University
6. Endoscopic optical coherence tomography enables morphological and subnanometer vibratory imaging of the porcine cochlea through the round window
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Apr 17 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  A highly phase stable hand-held (HH) endoscopic system has been developed for optical coherence tomography and vibrometry. Designed to transit the ear canal to the middle ear space and peer through the round window (RW), it is capable of imaging the vibratory function of the cochlear soft tissues with subnanometer scale sensitivity. A side-looking, 9 cm long rigid endoscope with a distal diameter of 1.2 mm, was able to fit within the RW niche and provide imaging access. The phase stability was achieved in part by fully integrating a Michelson interferometer into the HH device. Ex vivo imaging of ...
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  Mentions: Texas A&M University UCLA Brian E. Applegate
7. Magnetomotive Displacement of the Tympanic Membrane using Magnetic Nanoparticles: Toward Enhancement of Sound Perception
  
  Explore IEEE Xplore Apr 16 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Objective: A novel hearing-aid scheme using magnetomotive nanoparticles (MNPs) as transducers in the tympanic membrane (TM) is proposed, aiming to noninvasively and directly induce a modulated vibration on the TM. Methods: In this feasibility study, iron-oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles were applied on ex vivo rat TM tissues and allowed to diffuse over ~2 hr. Subsequently, magnetic force was exerted on the MNP-laden TM via a programmable electromagnetic solenoid to induce the magnetomotion. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), along with its phase-sensitive measurement capabilities, was utilized to visualize and quantify the nanometer-scale vibrations generated on the ...
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  Mentions: Stephen A. Boppart University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Eric J. Chaney
8. Visualizing cellular markers of sensorineural hearing loss in the murine cochlea using micro-optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Mar 20 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  Although sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) affects 600 million people globally and its prevalence is increasing, therapies remain limited. Advances in therapy development for SNHL are slow because we do not possess a method for visualizing the cochlea’s interior in living humans and relating visualized pathology to a patient’s hearing ability. To this end, we are investigating the ability of micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT), a low-coherence interferometric imaging technique that requires no contrast agent and improves upon standard OCT in resolution and depth of focus, to visualize the micron-sized cellular structures in the cochlea. We recently demonstrated µOCT’s ...
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  Mentions: Guillermo J. Tearney Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University
9. PhotoniCare wins Startup Challenge with pitch for non-invasive ear inspection
  
  Explore optics.org Feb 7 2018 Otolaryngology
  
  CareWear and Orbis take second and third in new-product pitch contest at SPIE Photonics West. Startup winners: 3,2,1: Orbis's Simpson; Clearview's Castel; and PhotoniCare's Shelton. PhotoniCare , a spinout of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), which has developed a handheld, low-cost imaging platform for medical applications such as inspecting the eardrum, was named the winner of the 2018 SPIE Startup Challenge, last week during Photonics West in San Francisco. The ClearViewT, the first product on the Photonicare platform is described as “being able to fundamentally change the way physicians manage middle ear infections, one ...
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  Mentions: Stephen A. Boppart Harvard University Ryan L. Shelton
10. Novel endoscope with increased depth of field for imaging human nasal tissue by microscopic optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Jan 21 2018 Otolaryngology , Probes
  
  Intravital microscopy (IVM) offers the opportunity to visualize static and dynamic changes of tissue on a cellular level. It is a valuable tool in research and may considerably improve clinical diagnosis. In contrast to confocal and non-linear microscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT) with microscopic resolution (mOCT) provides intrinsically cross-sectional imaging. Changing focus position is not needed, which simplifies especially endoscopic imaging. For in-vivo imaging, here we are presenting endo-microscopic OCT (emOCT). A graded-index-lens (GRIN) based 2.75 mm outer diameter rigid endoscope is providing 1.5 – 2 µm nearly isotropic resolution over an extended field of depth. Spherical and chromatic ...
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  Mentions: Gereon Hüttmann University of Lübeck
11. Noninvasive in vivo optical coherence tomography tracking of chronic otitis media in pediatric subjects after surgical intervention
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Dec 26 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  In an institutional review board-approved study, 25 pediatric subjects diagnosed with chronic or recurrent otitis media were observed over a period of six months with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Subjects were followed throughout their treatment at the initial patient evaluation and preoperative consultation, surgery (intraoperative imaging), and postoperative follow-up, followed by an additional six months of records-based observation. At each time point, the tympanic membrane (at the light reflex region) and directly adjacent middle-ear cavity were observed in vivo with a handheld OCT probe and portable system. Imaging results were compared with clinical outcomes to correlate the clearance of symptoms ...
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  Mentions: Stephen A. Boppart University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Eric J. Chaney
12. In vivo imaging of the internal nasal valve during different conditions using optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore Wiley Online Library Oct 22 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  Objective Previously, we proposed long-range optical coherence tomography (LR-OCT) to be an effective method for the quantitative evaluation of the nasal valve geometry. Here, the objective was to quantify the reduction in the internal nasal valve angle and cross-sectional area that results in subjective nasal airway obstruction and to evaluate the dynamic behavior of the valve during respiration using LR-OCT. Methods For 16 healthy individuals, LR-OCT was performed in each naris during: 1) normal respiration, 2) peak forced inspiration, 3) lateral nasal wall depression (to the onset of obstructive symptoms), and 4) after application of a topical decongestant. The angle ...
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Brian J. F. Wong
13. Effect of tissue frozen on quantitative optical properties using optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Oct 12 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  The purpose is to demonstrate the optical charactering concerning nasopharyngeal tissue of pig by fresh sections and frozen correlating sections with optical coherence tomography (OCT). After being imaged on a fresh specimen, samples are then stored in low temperature refrigerators ( − 80 ° C −80°C ) for one year for the second OCT measurement. The OCT structure of the epithelium, lamina propria, and the basement membrane are still resolvable; the median scattering coefficients and anisotropy factors fitting from OCT images based on the multiple scattering effects for epithelium are 27.6 mm − 1 27.6 mm−1 [interquartile range (IQR) 23.6 ...
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14. Optical Coherence Tomography for Quantitative Diagnosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
  
  Explore Journal of NasoPharyngeal Carcinoma Sep 30 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  We tried to quantitative diagnosis the intrinsic differences in the optical properties of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from normal tissue by OCT. The scattering coefficients and anisotropies are extracted by fitting the average a-scan attenuation curves based on the multiple scatter effect. The median scattering coefficients of epithelium are 2.2 mm−1 (IQR 1.5 to 2.5 mm−1) for normal versus 3.8 mm−1 (IQR 2.0 to 3.3 mm−1) for cancer tissue; of lamina propria are 2.9 mm−1 (IQR 1.5 to 2.5 mm−1) for normal versus 1.3 mm ...
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15. ELHnet: a convolutional neural network for classifying cochlear endolymphatic hydrops imaged with optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Sep 26 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  Detection of endolymphatic hydrops is important for diagnosing Meniere’s disease, and can be performed non-invasively using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in animal models as well as potentially in the clinic. Here, we developed ELHnet, a convolutional neural network to classify endolymphatic hydrops in a mouse model using learned features from OCT images of mice cochleae. We trained ELHnet on 2159 training and validation images from 17 mice, using only the image pixels and observer-determined labels of endolymphatic hydrops as the inputs. We tested ELHnet on 37 images from 37 mice that were previously not used, and found that the ...
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  Mentions: University of Southern California Stanford University Texas A&M University
16. University of Southern California Receives NIH Grant for Influence of Hair Bundle Properties on Cochlear Mechanics
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Sep 19 2017 Otolaryngology , Funding
  
  University of Southern California Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $37,696 Influence of Hair Bundle Properties on Cochlear Mechanics. The principal investigator is James Dewey. The program began in 2017 and ends in 2020. Below is a summary of the proposed work. Normal hearing depends on the delicate mechanotransduction apparatus of inner ear hair cells – the stereociliary hair bundle. Cochlear vibrations deflect the hair bundle, which converts mechanical stimulation to electrical signals via gating of mechanosensitive ion channels. Hair bundle transduction is critical for hearing, as it is required for afferent signaling by inner hair cells, and for activation ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health University of Southern California
17. University of Southern California Receives NIH Grant for Optical Coherence Tomography for 3D Measures of Cochlear Mechanics In Vivo.
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Sep 12 2017 Otolaryngology , Funding
  
  University of Southern California Receives a 2017 NIH Grant $317,544 for Optical Coherence Tomography for 3D Measures of Cochlear Mechanics In Vivo. The principal investigator is John Oghalai. The program began in 2015 and ends in 2020. Below is a summary of the proposed work. The function of the cochlea is to transduce complex sound pressure waves into electrical signals. Organ of Corti vibration is based upon a complex interplay between passive mechanical structures and active OHC- based processes. While laser Doppler vibrometry has added tremendously to our understanding of cochlear physiology, this technique is limited. Only motion from ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health University of Southern California John S. Oghalai
18. Recent Developments in FullField Thickness Measurements of the Human Eardrum
  
  Explore SciTechnol Jul 21 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  Recently, we published several full-field human tympanic membrane data sets that were obtained using a modified high-resolution optical coherence tomography setup. In this short communication letter, we provide an overview of the active research fields in which these data have been used or in which human tympanic membrane thickness measurements play an instrumental role. These applications include finite element modeling of the middle ear system, medical diagnosis of middle ear pathology and the design of tympanic membrane grafts.
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  Mentions: Sam Van der Jeught Joris J. J. Dirckx
19. UIUC Receives a NIH Grant for Partnership for Primary Care Imaging of the Ear
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Jul 5 2017 Otolaryngology , Funding
  
  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $454,301 for Partnership for Primary Care Imaging of the Ear. The principal investigator is Stepen Boppart. The program began in 2011 and ends in 2019. Below is a summary of the proposed work. Biofilms in the human middle-ear are known to be directly associated with chronic otitis media (OM), and the bacteria that reside within these protective biofilms are likely responsible for contributing to the persistence and re-seeding of the infection despite repeated doses of antibiotics. While prior sampling of human middle-ear biofilms was performed invasively during a ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health Stephen A. Boppart University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
20. Motion of intracochlear structures measured with a commercial optical coherence tomography (OCT) system
  
  Explore asa.scitation.org Jun 25 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  Most knowledge of the motion of cochlear structures has been limited to measurements through the round window at the extreme base of the cochlea or through a hole made in the cochlear capsule, which can modify cochlear mechanics. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides the ability to measure shape or motion of structures through a thin layer of tissue or bone. The motion of cochlear structures has been measured in the mouse cochlear apex without making an opening into the cochlea, using a custom OCT system. Here we describe intracochlear vibrometry using a commercial OCT system. Specimens were prepared by opening ...
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  Mentions: Thorlabs
21. Integrating optical coherence tomography with laryngeal videostroboscopy
  
  Explore asa.scitation.org Jun 25 2017 Otolaryngology
  
  During clinical voice assessment, laryngologists and speech-language pathologists rely heavily on laryngeal endoscopy with videostroboscopy to evaluate pathology and dysfunction of the vocal folds. The cost effectiveness, ease of use, and synchronized audio and visual feedback provided by videostroboscopic assessment serve to maintain its predominant clinical role in laryngeal imaging. However, significant drawbacks include only two-dimensional spatial imaging and the lack of subsurface morphological information. A novel endoscope will be presented that integrates optical coherence tomography that is spatially and temporally co-registered with laryngeal videoendoscopic technology through a common path probe. Optical coherence tomography is a non-contact, micron-resolution imaging technology ...
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Physical Sciences Incorporated
22. Stroboscope, High-Speed Imaging, Videokymography and Optical Coherence Tomography (Book Chapter)
  
  Explore Google Books Jun 20 2017 Otolaryngology , Textbooks
  
  Dysphonia is the consequence of a number of structural, neurological or developmental anomalies of the larynx...
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23. Stanford University Receives NIH Grant for Cochlear Mechanics in the Mouse
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News May 9 2017 Otolaryngology , Funding
  
  Stanford University Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $307,982 for Cochlear Mechanics in the Mouse. The principal investigator is John Oghalai. The program began in 2015 and ends in 2020. Below is a summary of the proposed work. Sound pressure produces force across the mammalian cochlear partition, ultimately creating a vibratory traveling wave that propagates longitudinally up the cochlear duct. The key feature distinguishing this process from the non-mammalian cochlea is amplification, whereby forces produced by thousands of outer hair cells (OHCs) sharpen and amplify the traveling wave. Our overarching objective is to understand how the complex biomechanics of ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health Stanford University John S. Oghalai
24. Stanford Receives NIH Grant for Optical Coherence Tomography for 3D Measures of Cochlear Mechanics In Vivo
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Apr 4 2017 Otolaryngology , Funding
  
  Stanford University Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $364,249 for Optical Coherence Tomography for 3D Measures of Cochlear Mechanics In Vivo. The principal investigator is John Oghalai. The program began in 2015 and ends in 2020. Below is a summary of the proposed work. The function of the cochlea is to transduce complex sound pressure waves into electrical signals. Organ of Corti vibration is based upon a complex interplay between passive mechanical structures and active OHC- based processes. While laser Doppler vibrometry has added tremendously to our understanding of cochlear physiology, this technique is limited. Only motion from one ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health Stanford University John S. Oghalai
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