Pulmonology -Optical Coherence Tomography News

Articles in category: Pulmonology

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1. Combined anatomical optical coherence tomography and intraluminal pressure reveal viscoelasticity of the in vivo airway
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Oct 27 2018 Pulmonology
  
  It is hypothesized that the local, viscoelastic (time-dependent) properties of the airway are important to accurately model and ultimately predict dynamic airway collapse in airway obstruction. Toward this end, we present a portable, endoscopic, swept-source anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT) system combined with a pressure catheter to capture local airway dynamics in vivo during respiration. aOCT scans were performed in the airways of a mechanically ventilated pig under paralysis with dynamic and static ventilation protocols. Validation of dynamic aOCT luminal cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements against Cine CT, obtained during the same exam, showed an aggregate difference of 15 % ± 3 % . aOCT-derived ...
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  Mentions: Thorlabs Amy L. Oldenburg University of North Carolina
2. Geometric Validation of Continuous, Finely-Sampled 3D Reconstructions from aOCT and CT in Upper Airway Models
  
  Explore IEEE Xplore Oct 25 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Identification and treatment of obstructive airway disorders (OADs) is greatly aided by imaging of the geometry of the airway lumen. Anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT) is a promising high-speed and minimally-invasive endoscopic imaging modality for providing micrometer-resolution scans of the upper airway. Resistance to airflow in OADs is directly caused by reduction in luminal cross-sectional area (CSA). It is hypothesized that aOCT can produce airway CSA measurements as accurate as that from computed tomography (CT). Scans of machine hollowed cylindrical tubes were used to develop methods for segmentation and measurement of airway lumen in CT and aOCT. Simulated scans of ...
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  Mentions: Amy L. Oldenburg University of North Carolina
3. Significances of spirometry and impulse oscillometry for detecting small airway disorders assessed with endobronchial optical coherence tomography in COPD
  
  Explore Medical Journals Publisher Oct 1 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Background: Spirometry confers limited value for identifying small-airway disorders (SADs) in early-stage COPD, which can be detected with impulse oscillometry (IOS) and endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT). Whether IOS is useful for reflecting small-airway morphological abnormalities in COPD remains unclear. Objectives: To compare the diagnostic value of spirometry and IOS for identifying SADs in heavy-smokers and COPD based on the objective assessment with EB-OCT. Methods: We recruited 59 COPD patients (stage I, n=17; stage II, n=18; stage III–IV, n=24), 26 heavy-smokers and 21 never-smokers. Assessments of clinical characteristics, spirometry, IOS and EB-OCT were performed. Receiver operation ...
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4. Bronchial Thermoplasty-Induced Acute Airway Effects Assessed with Optical Coherence Tomography in Severe Asthma
  
  Explore Karger Publishers Aug 21 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Background: Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is an endoscopic treatment for severe asthma targeting airway smooth muscle (ASM) with radiofrequent energy. Although implemented worldwide, the effect of BT treatment on the airways is unclear. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel imaging technique, based on near-infrared light, that generates high-resolution cross-sectional airway wall images. Objective: To assess the safety and feasibility of OCT in severe asthma patients and determine acute airway effects of BT by OCT and compare these to the untreated right middle lobe (RML). Methods: Severe asthma patients were treated with BT (TASMA trial). During the third BT procedure, OCT ...
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  Mentions: Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam Daniël M. de Bruin Jan D'hooge
5. Upper airway reconstruction using long‐range optical coherence tomography: Effects of airway curvature on airflow resistance
  
  Explore Wiley Online Library Jul 27 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Objectives Adenotonsillectomy (AT) is commonly used to treat upper airway obstruction in children, but selection of patients who will benefit most from AT is challenging. The need for diagnostic evaluation tools without sedation, radiation, or high costs has motivated the development of long‐range optical coherence tomography (LR‐OCT), providing real‐time cross‐sectional airway imaging during endoscopy. Since the endoscope channel location is not tracked in conventional LR‐OCT, airway curvature must be estimated and may affect predicted airway resistance. The study objective was to assess effects of three realistic airway curvatures on predicted airway resistance using computational fluid ...
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Brian J. F. Wong
6. Upper airway imaging in sleep-disordered breathing
  
  Explore Home - Springer May 5 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Our understanding of sleep-disordered breathing has evolved considerably over the past three decades, and clinical techniques of evaluation have progressed tremendously. Myriad imaging techniques are now available for the physician to approach the dynamic features resulting in turbulent airflow, upper airway narrowing or collapse at different levels. Controversy exists in the choice of investigations, probably because the best evaluation should be a combination of different techniques. Physical, radiographic, endoscopic and acoustic evaluations could be integrated to understand the degree and the levels of airway reduction and/or obstruction in a given patient. This review focuses on cost-effective and easily implemented ...
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7. Needle-based Optical Coherence Tomography to Guide Transbronchial Lymph Node Biopsy
  
  Explore LWW Online Apr 26 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Background: Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), often used to sample lymph nodes for lung cancer staging , is subject to sampling error even when performed with endobronchial ultrasound. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution imaging modality that rapidly generates helical cross-sectional images. We aim to determine if needle-based OCT can provide microstructural information in lymph nodes that may be used to guide TBNA, and improve sampling error. Methods: We performed ex vivo needle-based OCT on thoracic lymph nodes from patients with and without known lung cancer. OCT imaging features were compared against matched histology. Results: OCT imaging was performed in 26 ...
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Melissa J. Suter
8. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of dynamic airway behavior in an asthma model
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Mar 20 2018 Pulmonology
  
  To better understand bronchoconstriction in asthma, it is critical to dynamically visualize airway behavior in vivo. However, currently available imaging techniques do not have sufficient temporal and spatial resolution to investigate airway dynamics. We propose to use endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) to provide real-time cross-sectional images of airway dynamics with a high spatial resolution. Our aim was to study the structure and function of spatially distinct airways during tidal breathing (TB), breath-holds (BH) at end inspiration, and in a response to single deep inspiration (DI) and multiple DI (MDI) in a preclinical sheep asthma model. Anesthetized and mechanically ventilated ...
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Melissa J. Suter
9. A study of the effects of supine position and fluid intake on normal airway geometry using anatomical optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Mar 20 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Airway inhalation injuries are present in up to a third of all major burns patients and are the leading cause of mortality among this population. Understanding the mechanism of injury could minimise oedema (swelling) and airway damage. In this study, we present an anatomical OCT (aOCT) imaging system, based on a 1300-nm wavelength, high-speed, long-range MEMS-VCSEL swept laser source, for real-time volumetric imaging and assessment of inhalation injuries in airways up to 3 cm in diameter. A custom fibre-optic probe with GRIN lens and micro prism is inserted though the nasal passage. Airway cross-sectional images acquired are used to assess ...
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  Mentions: David D. Sampson University of Western Australia Robert A. McLaughlin
10. Multimodal imaging of lung tissue dynamics in mechanically ventilated rats with optical coherence tomography and intravital microscopy
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Mar 20 2018 Pulmonology
  
  The understanding of alveolar mechanics is an essential step towards new and more protective ventilation strategies which are of dare need for the treatment of diseases of lung tissue and the airways. Such ailments become a major task for medical care and health care systems in modern industrial countries in the future. Besides the obvious importance as life-saving intervention, the mechanical strain and processes on the level of gas exchange are still insufficiently understood. Therefore, it is of great interest to characterize lung tissue and tissue dynamics during artificial ventilation at the alveolar level. 4D Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in ...
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  Mentions: Dresden University of Technology Edmund Koch
11. Optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence microscopy of respiratory ciliated epithelia
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Mar 20 2018 Pulmonology
  
  Efficient mucociliary clearance is necessary to protect the respiratory tract from infection. Mucociliary dysfunction is common in respiratory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. Rescuing mucociliary clearance by stimulating the metabolism of respiratory ciliated epithelia could offer new treatments for respiratory diseases. However, the coupling between cellular metabolism and mechanical output in respiratory ciliated epithelia is poorly understood. We propose to study this coupling with autofluorescence microscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT), to measure cellular metabolism and ciliary motility, respectively. The autofluorescent metabolic co-enzymes NAD(P)H and FAD provide non-invasive measures of metabolism through the ...
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  Mentions: Yale University Vanderbilt University Michael A. Choma
12. Early Cancer Detection (Book Chapter)
  
  Explore European Respiratory Society Dec 8 2017 Pulmonology , Textbooks
  
  Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide as the majority of patient shave advanced disease at diagnosis. Detection and early treatment of pre-invasive and minimally invasive lung cancer can significantly improve the current 5-year survival of <18%, Endoscopic optical imaging (such as autoflourescence imaging), NBI, and OCT provide sensitive means to rapidly scan the central airways , in order to detect early lung cancer for biopsy confirmation and delineation of the extent of the tumor spread to guide treatment.
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  Mentions: British Columbia Cancer Agency Stephen Lam
13. Optical Coherence Tomography: A Review (Book Chapter)
  
  Explore Home - Springer Nov 28 2017 Pulmonology , Textbooks
  
  Optical coherence tomography (OCT), with polarization-sensitive (PS), Doppler, and autofluorescence (AF) capabilities, is emerging as a promising bronchoscopic diagnostic tool. In the upper and central airways, it allows accurate real-time airway measurements to assist bronchoscopic assessment of obstructive sleep apnea, severity of tracheomalacia, airway stenosis, or extent of tumor involvement into the bronchial wall or distally beyond the bronchoscopic view. OCT can visualize cellular and extracellular structures at and below the tissue surface with near histologic resolution as well as to provide three-dimensional imaging of the airways. Blood vessels in the bronchial wall or peribronchial space can be displayed using ...
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  Mentions: British Columbia Cancer Agency Stephen Lam
14. Real-Time Identification of In Situ Pulmonary Nodule and Pathology Using Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore journalacs.org Nov 16 2017 Pulmonology
  
  The incidence of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN) and ground glass opacities (GGO) is increasing. Small IPN may be difficult to localize in the operating room using a minimally invasive approach. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) utilizes interference of light waves to provide high-resolution, cross-sectional images of the internal microstructure by measuring back-reflected light. This approach can deliver video rate images of tissue structure on the micron scale and can be used to identify nodules and provide realtime histology-like images without actual removal of tissue to detect lung lesions.
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  Mentions: Vanderbilt University Anita Mahadevan-Jansen
15. Flexible needle with integrated optical coherence tomography probe for imaging during transbronchial tissue aspiration
  
  Explore SPIE Digital Library Oct 14 2017 Pulmonology
  
  Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) of small lesions or lymph nodes in the lung may result in nondiagnostic tissue samples. We demonstrate the integration of an optical coherence tomography (OCT) probe into a 19-gauge flexible needle for lung tissue aspiration. This probe allows simultaneous visualization and aspiration of the tissue. By eliminating the need for insertion and withdrawal of a separate imaging probe, this integrated design minimizes the risk of dislodging the needle from the lesion prior to aspiration and may facilitate more accurate placement of the needle. Results from in situ imaging in a sheep lung show clear distinction between ...
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  Mentions: David D. Sampson University of Western Australia Robert A. McLaughlin
16. Optical coherence tomography for identification and quantification of human airway wall layers
  
  Explore Journals | PLOS Oct 5 2017 Pulmonology
  
  Background High-resolution computed tomography has limitations in the assessment of airway wall layers and related remodeling in obstructive lung diseases. Near infrared-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel imaging technique that combined with bronchoscopy generates highly detailed images of the airway wall. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify human airway wall layers both ex-vivo and in-vivo by OCT and correlate these to histology. Methods Patients with lung cancer, prior to lobectomy, underwent bronchoscopy including in-vivo OCT imaging. Ex-vivo OCT imaging was performed in the resected lung lobe after needle insertion for matching with histology. Airway ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam Lightlab C7 XR OCT Imaging System
17. Seeing Deeply into the Lung in Interstitial Lung Disease
  
  Explore Home (thoracic) Oct 4 2017 Pulmonology
  
  No abstract provided.
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  Mentions: Cornell University
18. Automated segmentation and quantification of airway mucus with endobronchial optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore OSA | OSA Publishing Sep 30 2017 Pulmonology
  
  We propose a novel suite of algorithms for automatically segmenting the airway lumen and mucus in endobronchial optical coherence tomography (OCT) data sets, as well as a novel approach for quantifying the contents of the mucus. Mucus and lumen were segmented using a robust, multi-stage algorithm that requires only minimal input regarding sheath geometry. The algorithm performance was highly accurate in a wide range of airway and noise conditions. Mucus was classified using mean backscattering intensity and grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) statistics. We evaluated our techniques in vivo in asthmatic and non-asthmatic volunteers.
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University University of North Carolina
19. Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography for Low-risk Microscopic Assessment and Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis In Vivo
  
  Explore Home (thoracic) Sep 24 2017 Pulmonology
  
  No abstract provided.
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Melissa J. Suter
20. Visualization and Detection of Ciliary Beating Pattern and Frequency in the Upper Airway using Phase Resolved Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Nature Publishing Group Sep 2 2017 Pulmonology
  
  Ciliary motion plays a critical role in the overall respiratory health of the upper airway. These cilia beat at a native frequency and in a synchronized pattern to continuously transport foreign particulate trapped in a layer of mucous out of the upper airway. Disruption of ciliary motion can lead to severe respiratory diseases and compromised respiratory function. Currently, the study of cilia requires expensive high speed cameras and high powered microscopes which is unsuitable for in vivo imaging and diagnosis. Doppler based optical coherence tomography has the potential to visualize the microscopic motion of cilia during their beating cycle. We ...
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Brian J. F. Wong
21. LX Medical Corporation Receives a NIH Grant for High-Resolution Multi-modality Endoscopic Imaging Probes for Diagnosing Rejection in Lung Transplant Recipients
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Aug 16 2017 Pulmonology , Funding
  
  LX Medical Corporation Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $223,403 for High-Resolution Multi-modality Endoscopic Imaging Probes for Diagnosing Rejection in Lung Transplant Recipients. The principal investigator is Andrei Vertikov. The program began in 2017 and ends in 2018. Below is a summary of the proposed work. Lung transplantation is increasingly used to treat patients with end-stage lung diseases. Complications frequently occur with chronic allograft rejection causing most of late morbidity and mortality in lung transplant recipients. Pathological manifestations of chronic rejection mostly affect small airways or bronchioles in the lung, often progressing undetected until the patient presents with an ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health
22. Massachusetts General Hospital Receives NIH Grant for Low Risk In VIvo Optical Diagnosis of IPF with Optical Imaging
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Aug 8 2017 Pulmonology , Funding
  
  Massachusetts General Hospital Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $179,120 for Low Risk In VIvo Optical Diagnosis of IPF with Optical Imaging. The principal investigator is Lida Hariri. The program began in 2016 and ends in 2021. Below is a summary of the proposed work. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, ultimately fatal form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis (IIP), with a 3 year survival rate of 0%. Diagnostic certainty of IPF is critical to patient management and therapeutic decision-making. Two new FDA-approved therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have been shown to slow disease progression in IPF and brought new ...
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  Mentions: Brett E. Bouma National Institutes of Health Massachusetts General Hospital
23. Johns Hopkins University Receives NIH Grant for Micro Coherence Imaging Technology for Assessing Obstructive Lung Disease In Vivo
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Jun 27 2017 Pulmonology
  
  Johns Hopkins University Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $750,287 for Micro Coherence Imaging Technology for Assessing Obstructive Lung Disease In Vivo. The principal investigator is Robert Brown. The program began in 2014 and ends in 2019. Below is a summary of the proposed work. This Biomedical Research Partnership (BRP) proposal involves a partnership among a biomedical engineering team, a pulmonary physiology team, and a clinical pulmonary medicine team. This research program will incorporate state of the art optical engineering, advanced in vivo physiologic evaluation, and direct application to human obstructive lung diseases (OLD). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is ...
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  Mentions: Johns Hopkins University National Institutes of Health
24. Yale University Receives NIH Grant for Quantitative Optical Imaging of Cilia-Driven Fluid Flow
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Jun 20 2017 Pulmonology , Funding
  
  Yale University Receives a 2017 NIH Grant for $416,250 for Quantitative Optical Imaging of Cilia-Driven Fluid Flow. The principal investigator is Mustafa Khokha. The program began in 2013 and ends in 2018. Below is a summary of the proposed work. Respiratory diseases are major causes of pediatric morbidity and mortality. These diseases are incompletely understood, which is a barrier to improving clinical care. Therefore, new mechanisms of disease need to be discovered. Optical imaging (e.g. optical coherence tomography [OCT]) will enable these discoveries since traditional imaging (e.g. x-ray, CT, MRI) cannot visualize structures smaller than ~1 mm ...
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  Mentions: National Institutes of Health Yale University
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