Pulmonology -Optical Coherence Tomography News

Articles in category: Pulmonology

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1. Comparative analysis of combined spectral and optical tomography methods for detection of skin and lung cancers
  
  Explore SPIE | Journal Feb 13 2015 Dermatology , Pulmonology
  
  Malignant skin tumors of different types were studied in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT), backscattering (BS), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). A multimodal method is proposed for early cancer detection based on complex analysis of OCT images by their relative alteration of scattered-radiation spectral intensities between malignant and healthy tissues. An increase in average accuracy of diagnosis was observed for a variety of cancer types (9% sensitivity, 8% specificity) by a multimodal RS-BS-OCT system in comparison with any of the three methods used separately. The proposed approach equalizes the processing rates for all methods and allows for simultaneous imaging and ...
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  Mentions: Pavel Zakharov
2. Polarization sensitive optical frequency domain imaging system for endobronchial imaging
  
  Explore opticsinfobase.org Feb 13 2015 Pulmonology
  
  A polarization sensitive endoscopic optical frequency domain imaging (PS-OFDI) system with a motorized distal scanning catheter is demonstrated. It employs a passive polarization delay unit to multiplex two orthogonal probing polarization states in depth, and a polarization diverse detection unit to detect interference signal in two orthogonal polarization channels. Per depth location four electro-magnetic field components are measured that can be represented in a complex 2x2 field matrix. A Jones matrix of the sample is derived and the sample birefringence is extracted by eigenvalue decomposition. The condition of balanced detection and the polarization mode dispersion are quantified. A complex field ...
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  Mentions: Johannes F. de Boer VU University Amsterdam
3. Diagnosing Lung Carcinomas with Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Home (thoracic) Jan 7 2015 Pulmonology
  
  Rationale: Lung carcinoma diagnosis on tissue biopsy can be challenging due to insufficient tumor and lack of architectural information. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution imaging modality that visualizes tissue microarchitecture in volumes orders of magnitude larger than biopsy. It has been proposed that OCT could potentially replace tissue biopsy. Objectives: We aim to determine if OCT could replace histology in diagnosing lung carcinomas . We develop and validate OCT interpretation criteria for common primary lung carcinomas : adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and poorly differentiated carcinoma . Methods: A total of 82 ex vivo tumor samples were included in a blinded ...
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Melissa J. Suter
4. Advanced imaging in COPD: insights into pulmonary pathophysiology
  
  Explore Home Dec 7 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves a complex interaction of structural and functional abnormalities. The two have long been studied in isolation. However, advanced imaging techniques allow us to simultaneously assess pathological processes and their physiological consequences. This review gives a comprehensive account of the various advanced imaging modalities used to study COPD, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the nuclear medicine techniques positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Some more recent developments in imaging technology, including micro-CT, synchrotron imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and electrical impedance tomography (EIT), are also described. The ...
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  Mentions: University of Sydney
5. Cystic Fibrosis, COPD Patients Could Benefit From Nanoparticle-based Mucus
  
  Explore cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com Oct 27 2014 Pulmonology , Funding
  
  An Optical Society release notes that while people might typically regard mucus as an “icky bodily secretion best left wrapped in a tissue,” for a group of researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , “snot is an endlessly fascinating subject.” The team has developed a way to use gold nanoparticles and lasers to measure the viscosity (“stickiness”) of the slimy secretion that lines our airways. The new method could help doctors better monitor and treat lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
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  Mentions: Cornell University Amy L. Oldenburg University of North Carolina
6. Influence of different sized nanoparticles combined with ultrasound on the optical properties of invitro normal and cancerous human lung tissue studied with OCT and diffuse reflectance spectra
  
  Explore IOPscience Oct 1 2014 Pulmonology
  
  The present study is concerned with the in vitro study of different sized titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles' (NPs) penetration and accumulation in human normal lung (NL) tissue and lung adenocarcinoma tumor (LAT) tissue by the methods of continuous optical coherence tomography (OCT) monitoring and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectra measurement, and their evaluating the effects of TiO 2 NPs in two sizes (60 nm and 100 nm) and their combination with ultrasound (US) on the optical properties of human NL and LAT tissue. Spectral measurements indicate that TiO 2 NPs penetrate and accumulate into the tissues and thus induce enhancement ...
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  Mentions: Sun Yat-Sen University Tsinghua University Fujian Normal University
7. Johns Hopkins University Receives NIH Grant for Micro Coherence Imaging Technology for Assessing Obstructive Lung Disease In Vivo
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News Sep 9 2014 Pulmonology , Funding
  
  Johns Hopkins University Receives a 2014 NIH Grant for $681,519 for Micro Coherence Imaging Technology for Assessing Obstructive Lung Disease In Vivo. The principal investigator is Robert Brown. The program began in 2014 and ends in 2019. Below is a summary of the proposed work. This Biomedical Research Partnership (BRP) proposal involves a partnership among a biomedical engineering team, a pulmonary physiology team, and a clinical pulmonary medicine team. This research program will incorporate state of the art optical engineering, advanced in vivo physiologic evaluation, and direct application to human obstructive lung diseases (OLD). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is ...
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  Mentions: Johns Hopkins University National Institutes of Health
8. Optical Coherence Tomography in Respiratory Science and Medicine: From Airways to Alveoli
  
  Explore Home | Physiology Sep 3 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Optical coherence tomography is a rapidly maturing optical imaging technology, enabling study of the in vivo structure of lung tissue at a scale of tens of micrometers. It has been used to assess the layered structure of airway walls, quantify both airway lumen caliber and compliance, and image individual alveoli. This article provides an overview of the technology and reviews its capability to provide new insights into respiratory disease.
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  Mentions: David D. Sampson University of Western Australia Robert A. McLaughlin
9. A high-efficiency fiber-based imaging system for co-registered autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore opticsinfobase.org Aug 6 2014 Pulmonology
  
  We present a power-efficient fiber-based imaging system capable of co-registered autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (AF/OCT). The system employs a custom fiber optic rotary joint (FORJ) with an embedded dichroic mirror to efficiently combine the OCT and AF pathways. This three-port wavelength multiplexing FORJ setup has a throughput of more than 83% for collected AF emission, significantly more efficient compared to previously reported fiber-based methods. A custom 900 µm diameter catheter ‒ consisting of a rotating lens assembly, double-clad fiber (DCF), and torque cable in a stationary plastic tube ‒ was fabricated to allow AF/OCT imaging of small airways ...
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  Mentions: Victor X. D. Yang British Columbia Cancer Agency Stephen Lam
10. A Functional Anatomic Defect of the Cystic Fibrosis Airway
  
  Explore Home (thoracic) Jul 21 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Rationale: The mechanisms underlying cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease pathogenesis are unknown. Objective: To establish mechanisms linking anion transport with the functional microanatomy, we evaluated normal and CF piglet trachea, as well as adult swine trachea in the presence of selective anion inhibitors. Methods: We investigated airway functional microanatomy using micro-optical coherence tomography, a new imaging modality that concurrently quantifies multiple functional parameters of airway epithelium in a co-localized fashion. Main Results: Tracheal explants from wild type swine demonstrated a direct link between periciliary liquid (PCL) hydration and mucociliary transport (MCT) rates, a relationship frequently invoked but never experimentally confirmed ...
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  Mentions: Guillermo J. Tearney Johns Hopkins University Massachusetts General Hospital
11. Validation of Airway Wall Measurements by Optical Coherence Tomography in Porcine Airways
  
  Explore PLoS ONE Jun 20 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Examining and quantifying changes in airway morphology is critical for studying longitudinal pathogenesis and interventions in diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Here we present fiber-optic optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a nondestructive technique to precisely and accurately measure the 2-dimensional cross-sectional areas of airway wall substructure divided into the mucosa (WA muc ), submucosa (WA sub ), cartilage (WA cart ), and the airway total wall area (WAt). Porcine lung airway specimens were dissected from freshly resected lung lobes (N = 10). Three-dimensional OCT imaging using a fiber-optic rotary-pullback probe was performed immediately on airways greater than 0.9 mm ...
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  Mentions: British Columbia Cancer Agency Stephen Lam Lightlab C7 XR OCT Imaging System
12. Postdoctoral Research Fellow Opening in Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit at Massachusetts General Hospital
  
  Explore Optical Coherence Tomography News May 9 2014 Pulmonology , Jobs & Studentships
  
  A postdoctoral research opportunity in biomedical optics is available at the Massachusetts General Hospital within the Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit and the Wellman Center for Photomedicine. Harvard Medical School appointment will be at the postdoctoral rank. The successful candidate will work within a highly collaborative research environment focused on the development and use of optical diagnostics for studying lung pathology, structure and function both in preclinical animal studies and in first-in-patient pilot clinical studies. The position will involve the design and fabrication of novel optical imaging systems including polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography, and confocal microscopy systems, and the design ...
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Melissa J. Suter
13. Diagnosis Of Primary Lung Carcinomas Using Optical Coherence Tomography
  
  Explore Home (thoracic) May 6 2014 Pulmonology
  
  No Abstract Provided
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  Mentions: Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard University Melissa J. Suter
14. Investigation Of Rat Lung Tissue Geometry During Total Liquid Ventilation With 4D- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) And Intravital Microscopy (IVM)
  
  Explore Home (thoracic) May 6 2014 Pulmonology
  
  No Abstract Provided
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  Mentions: Dresden University of Technology Edmund Koch Maria Gaertner
15. Researchers at Yale Work to Improve Health of Premature Babies
  
  Explore wtnh.com Apr 25 2014 Pulmonology
  
  There’s ongoing research to help babies born too soon. Yale researchers are looking into improving the health of premature babies by focusing on their under-developed lungs. What Yale researchers are doing is looking at the intricacies of how bacteria and viruses are moved in and out of the lungs in hopes of developing therapies and technology that could someday improve a premature baby’s chance of survival as well as quality of life. Born at 32 weeks, now 8-month-old Jaxon Buchholz has yet to go home from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Yale-New Haven Children’s Hospital. “He ...
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  Mentions: Yale University Michael A. Choma
16. Constructing 3D models of the pediatric upper airway from long range optical coherence tomography image
  
  Explore Conference Proceedings Apr 22 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Long-range optical coherence tomography has been developed to image the upper airway, obtaining high resolution, cross-sectional images of the hollow structure. The information obtained from the anatomical structure of the airway is important to objectively identify regions of airway obstruction. This paper describes a technique to create 3D reconstructions of the upper airway from LR-OCT images. Herein we outline the necessary steps to generate these 3D models, including image processing techniques, manual tissue segmentation in Mimics, anatomical curvature bending, and the final STL model rendition. These 3D models were used to qualitatively analyze structural changes before and after surgical interventions ...
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Brian J. F. Wong
17. Coregistered autofluorescence-optical coherence tomography imaging of human lung sections
  
  Explore SPIE | Journal Apr 2 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Autofluorescence (AF) imaging can provide valuable information about the structural and metabolic state of tissue that can be useful for elucidating physiological and pathological processes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides high resolution detailed information about tissue morphology. We present coregistered AF-OCT imaging of human lung sections. Adjacent hematoxylin and eosin stained histological sections are used to identify tissue structures observed in the OCT images. Segmentation of these structures in the OCT images allowed determination of relative AF intensities of human lung components. Since the AF imaging was performed on tissue sections perpendicular to the airway axis, the results show the ...
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  Mentions: British Columbia Cancer Agency Stephen Lam Hamid Pahlevaninezhad
18. In vivo detection of inhalation injury in large airway using three-dimensional long-range swept-source optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore SPIE | Journal Mar 31 2014 Pulmonology
  
  We report on the feasibility of using long-range swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect airway changes following smoke inhalation in a sheep model. The long-range OCT system (with axial imaging range of 25 mm) and probe are capable of rapidly obtaining a series of high-resolution full cross-sectional images and three-dimensional reconstructions covering 20-cm length of tracheal and bronchial airways with airway diameter up to 25 mm, regardless of the position of the probe within the airway lumen. Measurements of airway thickness were performed at baseline and postinjury to show mucosal thickness changes following smoke inhalation.
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Matthew Brenner
19. Temporal correlation of optical coherence tomography in-vivo images of rabbit airway for the diagnosis of edema
  
  Explore Conference Proceedings Mar 14 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Recently, full-range optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems have been developed to image the human airway. These novel systems utilize a fiber-based OCT probe which acquires three-dimensional (3-D) images with micrometer resolution. Following an airway injury, mucosal edema is the first step in the body’s inflammatory response, which occasionally leads to airway stenosis, a life-threatening condition for critically ill newborns. Therefore, early detection of edema is vital for airway management and prevention of stenosis. In order to examine the potential of the full-range OCT to diagnose edema, we investigated temporal correlation of OCT images obtained from the subglottic airway of ...
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  Mentions: Zhongping Chen UC Irvine Brian J. F. Wong
20. Automated segmentation of porcine airway wall layers using optical coherence tomography: comparison with manual segmentation and histology
  
  Explore Conference Proceedings Mar 8 2014 Pulmonology
  
  The objective was to develop an automated optical coherence tomography (OCT) segmentation method. We evaluated three ex-vivo porcine airway specimens; six non-sequential OCT images were selected from each airway specimen. Histology was also performed for each airway and histology images were co-registered to OCT images for comparison. Manual segmentation of the airway luminal area, mucosa area, submucosa area and the outer airway wall area were performed for histology and OCT images. Automated segmentation of OCT images employed a despecking filter for pre-processing, a hessian-based filter for lumen and outer airway wall area segmentation, and K-means clustering for mucosa and submucosa ...
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  Mentions: University of British Columbia British Columbia Cancer Agency Stephen Lam
21. Sex differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease evaluated using optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore Conference Proceedings Mar 8 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Although there are more women than men dying of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the United States and elsewhere, we still do not have a clear understanding of the differences in the pathophysiology of airflow obstruction between the sexes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging imaging technology that has the capability of imaging small bronchioles with resolution approaching histology. Therefore, our objective was to compare OCT-derived airway wall measurements between males and females matched for lung size and in anatomically matched small airways. Subjects 50-80 yrs were enrolled in the British Columbia Lung Health Study and underwent OCT ...
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  Mentions: University of British Columbia Stephen Lam Lightlab C7 XR OCT Imaging System
22. Quantitative upper airway endoscopy with swept-source anatomical optical coherence tomography
  
  Explore opticsinfobase.org Feb 19 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Minimally invasive imaging of upper airway obstructions in children and adults is needed to improve clinical decision-making. Toward this goal, we demonstrate an anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT) system delivered via a small-bore, flexible endoscope to quantify the upper airway lumen geometry. Helical scans were obtained from a proximally-scanned fiber-optic catheter of 820 μm outer diameter and >2 mm focal length. Coupled with a long coherence length wavelength-swept light source, the system exhibited an SNR roll-off of < 10 dB over a 10 mm range. Operating at 10 rotations/s, the average accuracy of segmented cross-sectional areas was found to be ...
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  Mentions: Amy L. Oldenburg University of North Carolina Physical Sciences Incorporated
23. Optical coherence tomography of the airways
  
  Explore Home - Springer Feb 3 2014 Pulmonology
  
  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution imaging modality that uses near infrared light reflected from the tissue optical interfaces to generate real-time images with near-histology resolution. Bronchoscopic use of OCT has potential applications in the study, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of asthma, COPD, and histologically benign and malignant central airway disorders. This paper provides an overview of the rationale and principles of OCT imaging, describes the limitations of current technology, and summarizes potential future developments that may overcome the existing challenges.
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24. Optical imaging of subacute airway remodeling and adipose stem cell engraftment after airway injury
  
  Explore opticsinfobase.org Dec 24 2013 Pulmonology
  
  Acquired airway injury is frequently caused by endotracheal intubations, long-term tracheostomies, trauma, airway burns, and some systemic diseases. An effective and less invasive technique for both the early assessment and the early interventional treatment of acquired airway stenosis is therefore needed. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been proposed to have unique potential for early monitoring from the proliferative epithelium to the cartilage in acute airway injury. Additionally, stem cell therapy using adipose stem cells is being investigated as an option for early interventional treatment in airway and lung injury. Over the past decade, it has become possible to monitor the ...
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  Mentions: Joseph A. Izatt
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