Accurate prediction of collapse temperature using optical coherence tomography-based freeze-drying microscopy
The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of developing and applying a laboratory tool that can provide three-dimensional product structural information during freeze-drying and which can accurately characterize the collapse temperature ( T c ) of pharmaceutical formulations designed for freeze-drying. A single-vial freeze dryer coupled with optical coherence tomography freeze-drying microscopy (OCT–FDM) was developed to investigate the structure and T c of formulations in pharmaceutically relevant products containers (i.e., freeze-drying in vials). OCT–FDM was used to measure the T c and eutectic melt of three formulations in freeze-drying vials. The T c as measured by ...


